CN101589329B - Display - Google Patents

Abstract

A display for displaying an image on a retina of the user comprises a light source (101, 110), a wave front shape changing unit (102, 109), a scanning unit (103, 108), an image output unit (100) for outputting a display light of the image, and a deflecting unit (104, 107) for deflecting the outputted display light toward an eye of the user. The deflecting unit (104, 107) has a deflection characteristic suppressing the distortion of the image caused by a change of the relative position with respect to the pupil of the user.

Description

display device

technical field

The present invention relates to a display device such as a head-mounted display (HMD).

Background technique

In conventional display devices such as HMDs (head-mounted displays), two-dimensionally scanning laser light is used to draw directly on the retina of the eye (hereinafter referred to as laser scanning method) (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). Laser scanning display devices are also called: Retinal Scanning Displays, Retinal Irradiation Displays, Retinal Light Painting Displays, Laser Scanning Displays (Retinal Scanning Display: RSD), Direct View Display Devices, Virtual Retinal Displays (Virtual Retinal Display: VRD), etc. .

In the HMD using the laser scanning method, the laser beam from the laser light source is scanned two-dimensionally by the scanning unit, and the beam is deflected in the direction of the pupil by the deflection mirror of the lens and mirror arranged in front of the eye, thereby passing through the pupil. The light beams paint the image on the retina. Here, the point where the beams from the deflection mirror converge near the pupil is called "deflection focus", which will be described below. In addition, terms such as "focus" and "focus position" are also described as having the same meaning as deflection focus.

When the user looks sideways without turning the head or eyeballs, the positional relationship between the HMD mounted on the head and the pupils changes. In this way, the deflection focus and the position of the pupil deviate, so that the light beam from the deflection mirror will not pass through the pupil, and the image will not be drawn to the retina (hereinafter, this situation will be referred to as "pupil deviation" or as "eyeball rotation and pupillary deviation"). Whether pupillary deviation occurs can usually be determined by whether the light beam can pass through the pupil with a diameter of about 2 to 3 mm.

23 and 24 are diagrams for explaining pupillary deviation. As shown in FIG. 23 , when the deflection focus is within the pupil, since the light beam deflected by the deflection mirror can pass through the pupil, pupil deviation does not occur, and an image is drawn on the retina. But, under the situation that the eyeball shown in Fig. 24 rotates to the left, because the deflection focus is outside the pupil, therefore, pupillary deviation occurs, and the image cannot be drawn to the retina.

For example, when the pupil diameter is 3 mm, if the pupil moves more than 1.5 mm, pupillary deviation occurs, and the user cannot see the image. If the visual angle of the picture when the pupil moves 1.5 millimeters is estimated, one side of the visual angle of the display picture under the situation that the distance from the pupil to the deflection mirror is 15 millimeters and the center of rotation of the pupil to the eyeball is 10.5 millimeters is about 14 degrees ( The total of left and right is about 27 degrees, and the same is true for up and down), if the line of sight moves outside this range, pupillary deviation occurs.

In addition, Fig. 23 and Fig. 24 are schematic diagrams. In fact, the light beam incident on the eye will be refracted by the influence of the cornea and lens. In the present invention, it is important whether the light beam can pass through the pupil, so it is simply shown in the figure. The effect of refraction.

As a measure against pupil deviation, there is a method of providing a deflection mirror with a plurality of deflection focal points (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). As shown in FIG. 25 , if the deflection mirror has two deflection focuses, even if the pupil moves to the left, the other deflection focus is inside the pupil, so pupil deviation can be avoided.

Also, an image display device used for a head-mounted display or the like is one of the image display devices among portable display terminals for personal use, and from the viewpoint of wearability, the form of glasses is relatively common. In such an eye-shaped head-mounted display, the output image of the image display device and the background image seen through the portion corresponding to the lens of the glasses are often visually recognized at the same time. When an output image of such an image display device and a background image are combined and viewed simultaneously, it is desired to solve the problems described below.

As such an image display device, in the state with the function of glasses, in order to make the background image and the virtual image of the output image merge together, it is necessary to add more than one half mirror and a mirror for forming a virtual image to the optical system. lens or concave mirror. Therefore, there is a problem that the image display device cannot be used for a long time due to the burden on the user due to its size and weight. Furthermore, in order to increase the definition of the output image, the size of the image display device will be increased, and a greater burden will be added. Therefore, in order to solve such problems, an image display device used for a head-mounted display or the like needs to be small and lightweight and capable of displaying high-definition images.

As such a glasses-type image display device, a retinal scanning type or a laser scanning type image display device has been proposed, which uses a small, lightweight, low power consumption laser diode array at the light source, and has the ability to add a multifunctional optical function to Lippmann Bragg holographic film of an optical system (for example, refer to Patent Document 3). Miniaturization and weight reduction are attempted by miniaturizing optical systems such as light sources, galvanometer mirrors, and drive circuits, and storing them in the left and right handles (arms) of glasses.

However, in the case of viewing the output image through such a glasses-type image display device, since the light irradiated to the pupil of the person is blocked by iridescence, the field of view becomes narrow, part or all of the output image cannot be seen, or the image appears bright. uneven.

Therefore, by using a high-brightness white LED as a point light source and arranging a diffuser plate in the optical system, the light beam from the spatial light modulator of the image display device can be spread widely, so that the light beam can be widely spread near the pupil. range. In this way, an image display device has been proposed in which even if the eyeball deviates to some extent from a predetermined position, the light beam from the spatial light modulator is reliably guided into the pupil without narrowing the field of view. , and unevenness in luminance does not occur (for example, refer to Patent Document 4).

Also, whether pupillary deviation occurs can be determined by whether the light beam can pass through the pupil, which is usually about 2 to 3 millimeters in diameter. Therefore, the larger the viewing angle (viewing angle) of the image displayed on the HMD, the larger the turning angle of the eyeballs, and pupillary deviation tends to occur. Conversely, when the screen displayed by the HMD becomes smaller and the angle of view is smaller, since the angle of eyeball rotation for viewing both ends of the screen is relatively small, pupil deviation is less likely to occur.

Fig. 26 is an explanatory diagram of pupillary deviation. When the position of the pupil is the pupil position A, if the light beam from the deflection mirror (deflection unit) passes through the focal point A, pupil deviation does not occur. In this case, the user is able to see the image. However, when the eyeball turns and the pupil moves to the pupil position B, the light beam converging on the focal point A does not pass through the pupil, and pupillary deviation occurs. In this case, the user cannot see the image.

As a measure against pupillary deviation, there is a method of providing a deflection unit with a plurality of focal points (for example, refer to Patent Document 2). In Figure 26, where the deflecting mirror has two focal points, i.e., has focal point A and focal point B, the light beam converges to focal point A in the case of the pupil at pupil position A, and converges to focal point B in the case of the pupil at pupil position B The light beams, respectively, reach the retina, so pupillary deviation does not occur.

In addition, as a sight line detection method, there is a method of irradiating the eyes with infrared light and detecting the line of sight by using the reflected light (for example, Patent Document 5), and a method of detecting the line of sight by using the reflected light from the eyes of scanning laser light (for example, Patent Document 6). .

Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2932636

Patent Document 2 US Patent No. 6043799 specification

Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-301055

Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-249971

Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent No. 2995876

Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent No. 3425818

As a measure for preventing pupil deviation, there are many problems in the method of providing a plurality of deflection focal points as shown in Patent Document 2 and FIG. 25 . For example, when the size of the pupil becomes larger due to the darkening of the surroundings of the user, more than two deflected focal points may enter the pupil at the same time, which will draw double images at different positions on the retina, resulting in poor image quality. worse. And, conversely, when the size of the pupil becomes small, any deflection focus will be outside the pupil, and pupillary deviation will occur.

In addition, in order to avoid pupillary deviation when the eyeballs turn in different directions such as up, down, left, and right, it is necessary to set other deflection foci in up, down, left, and right, and five deflection foci need to be provided. Moreover, if other directions such as upper left and lower right are considered, there will be a situation where nine deflection focal points need to be set.

If multiple deflection focal points are set, one light beam needs to be branched into multiple beams by the deflection mirror, and only one of them should pass through the pupil, which will reduce light utilization efficiency. In order to improve efficiency, a high-power laser light source is required, which increases power consumption. Furthermore, providing a plurality of deflection focal points complicates the manufacturing method of the deflection mirror, and degrades the deflection efficiency, transmittance, thickness, temperature characteristics, and other characteristics of the deflection mirror. In order to reduce the degradation of the characteristics, it is necessary to install a plurality of scanning mirrors, and the display device as a whole becomes complicated.

In addition, in the conventional technologies such as Patent Document 4 described above, the viewer viewing the image through the image display device changes the state where the eyeballs look at the central part of the fused image of the background image and the output image from the front, and the eyeballs are turned to the front. When the peripheral portion of the fused image to be viewed is turned around, part of the light rays on the side opposite to the fused image to be viewed cannot enter the pupil, resulting in loss or disappearance.

It is disclosed in the prior art that the position of the image is adjusted at a position where the eyes of the user face each other on the premise that the user faces the front. However, there is no solution to the problems such as lack of images that occur when the pupil moves in the up, down, left, and right directions, nor does it point out the problem.

In addition, as a measure against pupillary deviation, in the method of having multiple focal points near the pupil with a deflecting mirror, the eyeball is rotated so that light beams from other focal points pass through the pupil, and the display position and display size of the image will change.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of this subject. In the case of a deflecting mirror with two focal points, namely focal point A and focal point B, the light beam from deflecting position A can reach both focal point A and focal point B. Accordingly, when the pupil is at pupil position A, the image of the light beam converging on focus A can be seen, and when the pupil is at pupil position B, the image of the light beam converging on focus B can be seen.

However, since the direction from the deflection position A to the focus A is different from the direction from the deflection position A to the focus B, the direction of the displayed image will also change. When the pupil is at the pupil position A, the image displayed by the light beam from the deflected position A is perceived by the user as an image in the direction of “direction A1” in FIG. 27A . Here, when the user turns the eyes to move the pupil to the pupil position B, the user wishes to see the same video in the "direction A2" which is the same direction as the "direction A1", but actually it is in a different direction. If you see the above-mentioned video in "direction B" of the user's screen, you will have a sense of incongruity that the display position has changed.

The reason why the user wants to see the video in the same direction as the direction A1 is the distance to the virtual screen (the distance to the virtual position of the displayed object). In HMD, the distance from the eyes to the deflection mirror is usually about 1 to 5 cm, and the distance to the virtual screen is optically designed to be from a few meters to infinity, and the distances between the two are different. This is because the focus adjustment function of the eyes is restricted, and in general, setting the distance to the virtual screen to infinity has the effect of reducing eye fatigue. Assume that the virtual screen is at infinity, since the direction from infinity to focus A is parallel to the direction to focus B, therefore, when the user moves the eyes to move the pupil from pupil position A to pupil position B, the user wants to be at The same video is seen in the direction "direction A2" which is the same direction as "direction A1".

In addition, the problem that occurs with the switching of the focus is not only the change of the display position but also the change of the display size. When the eyeball turns to switch from focus A to focus B, since the distance from deflected position A to focus A is different from the distance to focus B, it appears that the display size has changed. Therefore, the problem that arises is: the farther the distance from the focal point to the deflecting mirror is, the smaller the apparent display size will be, and the closer the distance will be, the larger the apparent display size will be.

These changes in display position and size become larger as the deflection mirror gets closer to the eye, and become a serious problem in HMDs.

Also, when the HMD is used as glasses, the same problem of "glasses deviation" will also appear on the glasses. "Glasses deviation" refers to the phenomenon that the lens part of the glasses gradually slides down when the glasses are supported by the user's nose and ears. The deviation of the glasses causes the field of view seen through the lens to be distorted, which will cause serious harm to the user. If the wearing feeling is uncomfortable, the impression of the user's face will change.

In the case of the glasses-type HMD, the positional relationship between the eyeglasses (deflecting mirror) and the pupil changes due to deviation of the glasses, and thus the positional relationship between the focus position and the pupil changes. As a result, the light beam cannot pass through the pupil, and the retina cannot draw an image (hereinafter, this situation is referred to as "pupil deviation during wearing").

The problem of "deviation of pupils during wearing" is that the amount and direction of change of pupillary deviations vary with eyeball rotation, and therefore the countermeasures against pupillary deviation when eyeballs are turned in Patent Document 2 are insufficient.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to realize a display device, which is a beam scanning display device such as an HMD, and can reduce the problem of pupil deviation without having a plurality of deflection focal points.

In addition, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide an image display device in which the pupils of the observer who watches the central part of the image do not turn his face, but only rotate the eyeballs up, down, left, and right to watch the peripheral part of the image. Even if the position of the pupil changes in this case, the image observed by the observer is less likely to be missing.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to realize a display device that, when the pupil position changes with eyeball rotation and the deflection mirror deflects the display light to a plurality of focus positions corresponding to the pupil position change, The problem of changing the position and size of the displayed image due to switching of the focus position corresponding to the pupil position can be solved.

Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of solving the problem of not being able to see an image due to pupil deviation when wearing the glasses-type HMD when the glasses are misaligned.

The display device according to the present invention displays an image on the user's retina, and includes: an image output unit that outputs display light for the image; and a deflection unit that directs the display light output from the image output unit toward the user's eyes. deflection. In addition, the deflection unit has a deflection characteristic capable of suppressing disturbance of an image due to a change in a relative position to the user's pupil. With this configuration, since a part of the area is appropriately set, the occurrence condition of pupillary deviation can be changed and adjusted, and an HMD capable of reducing the problem of pupillary deviation can be realized.

Also, the image output unit includes a light source that outputs a light beam for drawing each pixel constituting the image, and a scanning unit that scans the light beam output by the light source in a two-dimensional direction. In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects at least a part of the beams scanned by the scanning unit so that the deflected beams are at a position different from the center of the user's pupil. through the pupil.

In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit so that the deflected light beam passes through different positions of the pupil according to the incident angle to the pupil of the user. .

With this configuration, it is not necessary to have a plurality of deflection focal points in a beam scanning display device such as an HMD, so that the problem of pupil deviation can be reduced. Since there is no need to set multiple deflection focuses, many problems caused by multiple deflection focuses can be avoided, such as: the problem of double images drawn on the retina, the problem of reduced light utilization efficiency of the beam, and the need for high-power light sources. problems, problems of high power consumption, problems of complicating the manufacturing method of the deflection unit, problems of degradation of various performances of the deflection unit, problems of complicating the display device as a whole, and the like.

In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam so that the light beam scanned to the left deflection area on the left side of the virtual line passes through the user's pupil in the left area of the pupil center, and The light beam scanned to the right deflection area on the right side of the virtual line passes through the pupil in the right area of the pupil center, and the virtual line passes through the pupil center and is perpendicular to the deflection part.

With this configuration, compared with the conventional method in which the focus of deflection is the center of the pupil, pupil deviation does not occur even if the eyeball is turned to the left on the left side of the screen, and the turning angle becomes larger. In the example shown in the background art, the rotation angle at which pupil misalignment does not occur can be increased from the rotation angle of about 14 degrees to about 26 degrees. Similarly, the farther to the right of the screen, the pupillary deviation does not occur even if the eyeballs are turned to the right, and the turning angle becomes larger.

In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam so that the light beam scanned to the left deflection area and the light beam scanned to the right deflection area are incident on the pupil. The angle, and the distance between the incident position of the light beam on the pupil and the center of the pupil are left-right asymmetric with respect to the virtual line. With this configuration, there is a difference in the rotation angle of the eyeballs that are always watching on the left and right sides of the screen, and by using the deflection parts for the left eye and the right eye respectively, the range that both eyes can always watch will be expanded.

In addition, the deflecting unit may include a left-eye deflecting unit and a right-eye deflecting unit, and the left-eye deflecting unit deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit toward the left eye of the user. The right-eye deflection unit deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit toward the user's right eye. The deflecting unit for the left eye has a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam so that the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area to the pupil is smaller than that of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area, And the distance between the incident position of the pupil and the pupil center of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area is larger than that of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area; The characteristic deflects the beam such that the incident angle of the beam scanned to the right deflection area to the pupil is smaller than that of the beam scanned to the left deflection area and makes the beam scanned to the right deflection area The distance between the incident position to the pupil and the center of the pupil is greater than that of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area.

According to this configuration, when the line of sight moves to the left, it is possible to expand the eyeball rotation angle that the left eye keeps looking at. Similarly, when the line of sight moves to the right, it is possible to widen the eyeball turning angle that the right eye keeps looking at.

In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam so that the light beam scanned to the upper deflection area above the virtual line passes through the area above the center of the pupil of the user's pupil, so that The light beam scanned to the lower deflecting area below the virtual line passing through the center of the pupil of the user's pupil passes through the area below the center of the pupil of the user's pupil and is perpendicular to the deflecting part.

With this configuration, compared with the conventional method in which the focus of deflection is the center of the pupils, pupil deviation does not occur even if the eyeballs are turned upward toward the upper part of the screen, and the turning angle becomes larger. In the example shown in the background art, the rotation angle at which pupil misalignment does not occur can be increased from the rotation angle of about 14 degrees to about 26 degrees. Similarly, pupil deviation does not occur even if the eyeballs are turned downward as the lower part of the screen is lowered, and the turning angle becomes larger.

Furthermore, the deflection unit may be a hologram and deflect the light beam by diffraction. With this configuration, the deflection unit in front of the eye can be made thinner and transparent.

In addition, the deflecting unit may include a left-eye deflecting unit and a right-eye deflecting unit, the left-eye deflecting unit deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit toward the left eye of the user, and the The right-eye deflection unit deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit toward the user's right eye. In addition, the deflecting unit for the left eye and the deflecting unit for the right eye are arranged with different positional relationships between the interpupillary distance and the distance between the focusing positions. The interpupillary distance refers to the pupil of the user's left eye. The distance between the center and the center of the pupil of the right eye, the distance between the focusing positions refers to the distance between the focusing position of the light beam on the left eye and the focusing position of the light beam on the right eye.

With such a configuration, when the pupil moves due to the rotation of the eyeball, at least one eye can see an image, and therefore an image display device that does not cause defects in image output can be realized.

In addition, the display device may further include a deflection unit position adjustment unit that moves the left-eye deflection unit and the right-eye deflection unit so that the interpupillary distance and The distances between the focusing positions are different.

With such a configuration, even when the display device of the present invention is used by observers with different interpupillary distances, the left and right deflectors can be easily moved to positions facing both eyes by the deflector position adjustment unit. Therefore, the deflection unit can be set at an appropriate position for each user who uses the display device, so that the user can view an output image without defects.

In addition, the display device may further include: a light detection unit that detects reflected light from the pupils of the left and right eyes of the user; and a deflection unit position control unit that calculates the distance between the pupils based on the detection result of the light detection unit. distance, and in order to make the distance between the focusing positions different from the calculated interpupillary distance, control the deflection unit position adjustment unit, and make the deflection unit for the left eye and the deflection unit for the right eye move separately.

In addition, the display device may further include a light quantity control unit that judges whether the light deflected by the left-eye deflector or the right-eye deflector is based on the detection result of the light detection unit. When one of the light beams does not enter the eyeball of the user, the light source increases the light intensity of the other light beam.

With such a configuration, it is possible to detect the position of the pupil from the intensity of reflected light from the surface of the eyeball of both eyes, etc., to determine whether to use one of the two eyes or to use both eyes to see, and to control according to the result of the judgment. The increase and decrease of the light of the emitted light allows the viewer to watch the image with an appropriate brightness.

In addition, the photodetection unit may separate and detect reflected light for each predetermined wavelength. According to this configuration, the viewer can detect different iridescent colors, and can accurately detect whether the light is blocked by the iridescent.

In addition, the image output unit may include a light source and a scanning unit, the light source outputs a light beam, and the light beam is used to draw each pixel constituting the image, and the scanning unit scans the image generated by the light source in a two-dimensional direction. The output light beam; the deflection unit includes a left-eye deflection unit and a right-eye deflection unit, the left-eye deflection unit deflects the light beam scanned by the scanning unit toward the user’s left eye, and the right eye The beam scanned by the scanning section is deflected toward the user's right eye by a deflecting section; the left-eye deflecting section has a deflection characteristic that deflects the beam so that it is scanned to the left of the imaginary line. The angle of incidence of the beam of the side deflection area and the beam of the right deflection area scanned to the right of the virtual line towards the pupil is left-right asymmetric with respect to the virtual line passing through the center of the pupil and aligned with the deflection The deflection part for the left eye has a deflection characteristic that deflects the light beam so that the light beam scanned to the left deflection area on the left side of the imaginary line and the right deflection area scanned to the right side of the imaginary line The incident angle of the light beam towards the pupil is left-right asymmetric with respect to the imaginary line passing through the center of the pupil and perpendicular to the deflection part.

With such a configuration, when the pupil moves due to the rotation of the eyeball, the viewer can see the image with at least one eye. In this way, it is possible to realize a display device in which an output image is free from defects, and it is possible to recognize the entirety of the video output from the image output unit.

In addition, the image output unit includes a light source and a scanning unit, the light source outputs a light beam, and the light beam is used to describe each pixel constituting the image, and the scanning unit scans the light beam output by the light source in a two-dimensional direction; The deflection unit has a deflection characteristic that deflects the beam scanned by the scanning unit such that the deflected beam is focused on a first focal point and a second focal point different from the first focal point.

In addition, the display device may further include: a light detection unit that detects reflected light from the user’s pupil; a pupil position detection unit that detects the pupil position that is the position of the center of the user’s pupil based on the detection result of the light detection unit. and the control unit controls the image output unit according to the change of the pupil position from a position including the first focal point to a position including the second focal point based on the detection result of the pupil position detecting unit output so that the virtual image identified by the user appears to be in the same direction before and after the change in the pupil position.

With this configuration, it is possible to reduce changes in the position and size of the displayed video accompanying the switching of the focus position corresponding to the pupil position. In addition, since the variation increases as the deflection unit gets closer to the eye, this configuration enables the deflection unit to be placed closer to the eye. In addition, as a measure against pupillary deviation, the problem that occurred in the method of requiring the deflector to have multiple focal points has also been solved. In this way, it is also possible to solve pupillary deviation for HMDs with wide angles and large screens that are prone to pupillary deviation. Based on the HMD with wide-angle and large screen.

In addition, the control unit may control the output of the image output unit so that before and after the change in the pupil position, the light beam that draws the same pixel is in the direction from the deflection unit toward the user's eye. The region becomes almost parallel.

With this configuration, it is possible to reduce a rightward shift in the position of the displayed image, for example, caused by switching the focus position corresponding to the pupil position to the left. In addition, it is possible to reduce the change in the downward deviation of the position of the displayed image due to the upward switching of the focus position corresponding to the pupil position.

In addition, the control unit may include an output image control unit that causes the light source to output a light beam for drawing each pixel, and causes the output light beam to move toward the user's pupil position. The changed direction deviates so that before and after the change in the pupil position, the light beams depicting the same pixel are almost parallel in the area from the deflection unit to the user's eyes. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the change in the position of the display image displayed on the virtual screen at infinity that is caused by switching the focus position corresponding to the pupil position.

In addition, the output image control unit may further control the output of the image output unit so that the size of the virtual image recognized by the user is the same before and after the change in the pupil position. With this configuration, for example, it is possible to reduce a change in the size of a displayed image that is gradually increased when the focus position corresponding to the pupil position is gradually approached from the deflection unit.

In addition, the control unit may include a scanning angle control unit that causes the scanning unit to scan the light beam that draws each pixel in a direction in which the position of the pupil of the user changes, so that Before and after the change of the pupil position, the light beams depicting the same pixel are almost parallel in the region from the deflection unit to the user's eyes. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the change in the position of the display image displayed on the virtual screen at infinity caused by switching the focus position corresponding to the pupil position.

In addition, the deflection unit may have a deflection characteristic that deflects the beam scanned by the scanning unit so that the deflected beam converges on the first focal point and the second focal point. For the user, the second focal point is located above the first focal point, and is farther away from the deflection unit than the first focal point.

With this configuration, even if the glasses are misaligned in the glasses-type HMD, the problem of pupil misalignment during wearing can be solved, thereby making it possible to achieve a situation where it is less likely to fail to see images. In addition, since the problem of eyeglass misalignment is alleviated, it is possible to realize a heavy HMD that is relatively prone to eyeglass misalignment, an HMD whose weight balance is in the front (lens part), and an HMD with a small contact area between the nose and ears. In addition, it is possible to reduce the problem of using the HMD as a glasses type, so that the HMD can be made into a glasses type.

Also, the first and second focal points may be located on a virtual line almost parallel to the bridge of the user's nose. With this configuration, even if the glasses are misaligned and the lenses are separated from the eyes, pupil misalignment does not occur.

In addition, the distances between the first and second focal points in the vertical direction to the horizontal plane may be greater than or equal to the height of the user's pupils, and the distances in the horizontal direction may be less than or equal to the width of the user's pupils. With this configuration, when the glasses-type HMD deviates below the face, it is possible to alleviate the situation where a light beam does not enter the pupil and the situation where a plurality of light beams enter the pupil from a plurality of focal points.

In addition, the deflection unit may deflect the light beams scanned by the scanning unit to the first and second focal points at the same time. With this configuration, it is possible to cope with eyeglass misalignment even if eyeglass misalignment is not detected.

In addition, the display device may further include: a relative position detection unit that detects a change in the relative position between the user’s pupil center and the deflection unit; and a scanning unit position adjustment unit that detects changes based on the detection result of the relative position detection unit According to the change of the user's pupil center from the position including the first focal point to the position including the second focal point, the position of the scanning part is moved, so that the light beam scanned from the scanning part to the deflecting part The orientation changes from a first direction to a second direction different from the first direction; the deflection part is composed of a hologram, and the hologram includes a first interference fringe and a second interference fringe, and the first interference fringe makes the The light beam incident from the first direction is focused on the first focal point, and the second interference fringe makes the light beam incident from the second direction focus on the second focus point.

With this configuration, since the movement of the pupil can be followed, the focus can be better aligned with the pupil position, and the occurrence of pupillary deviation can be reduced. In addition, since only one focal point is required, it is not necessary to branch the light beam from the deflection unit, so that the utilization efficiency of light can be improved. With this configuration, since the focus can be better aligned with the pupil position, the occurrence of pupillary deviation can be reduced.

In addition, the relative position detection unit includes: a rotator disposed at a position in contact with the user's nose, and autorotating as the deflection unit moves in the vertical direction; and a relative position calculation unit based on the rotator. The rotation angle of the body detects the change in the relative position between the user's pupil center and the deflection unit.

In the display device of the present invention, an HMD capable of alleviating the problem of pupil deviation is realized by adding deflection characteristics capable of suppressing pupil deviation caused by changes in the relative positions of the deflector and the user's pupils to the deflection unit. The image is disturbed.

Moreover, in the display device of the present invention, the deflection unit makes the light beam incident on the pupil at different positions according to the incident angle of the light beam toward the pupil, so that in a beam scanning type display device such as an HMD, it is not necessary to have a plurality of deflection focal points. To reduce the problem of pupil deviation. Since there is no need to set multiple deflection focal points, problems caused by multiple deflection focal points can be avoided, for example, the following problems can be avoided: the problem of drawing double images on the retina, the problem of low light utilization efficiency of the beam, the need Problems of high-power light source, high power consumption, complication of the manufacturing method of the deflection unit, degradation of various characteristics of the deflection unit, and complication of the display device as a whole.

Moreover, the image display device of the present invention can display images with good color reproducibility and high definition with high brightness, and even if the pupil moves due to eyeball rotation, at least one eye can see the image. Therefore, it is possible to realize a small image display device with low power consumption, which does not cause defects in the output image.

Furthermore, in the display device of the present invention, when the deflection unit deflects the display light to a plurality of focal positions corresponding to the changed pupil position along with the change of the pupil position in the rotation of the eyeball, it is possible to reduce the The position and size of the displayed image are caused by the focus position corresponding to the pupil position. Furthermore, since the variation becomes larger as the deflection unit is closer to the eye, this configuration enables the deflection unit to be disposed at a position closer to the eye. In addition, the problem that occurred in the method of providing the deflection unit with multiple focal points as a measure for pupil deviation was also solved, and a wide-angle and large-screen HMD can be realized.

Furthermore, in the display device of the present invention, even if the glasses are misaligned in the glasses-type HMD, the problem of pupil misalignment during wearing can be resolved, so that it is less likely to cause a situation where images cannot be seen. In addition, since the problem of glasses misalignment is reduced, it is possible to realize a heavy HMD that is likely to cause glasses misalignment, and a heavy HMD in the front (lens part), and an HMD with a small contact area with the nose and ears can be realized. In addition, since problems that arise when the HMD is of the glasses type can be reduced, the HMD can be of the glasses type.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a display device according to Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 1B is a side view of the display device according to Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 shows the detailed configuration of the display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the user's eyes are facing the front in the display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the user's eyes are directed to the left in the display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6A shows an example of adding a deflection characteristic to a deflection section.

FIG. 6B shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 6C shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 6D shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 6E shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 6F shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 6G shows another example of adding deflection characteristics to the deflection section.

FIG. 7 shows the probabilistic configuration of the display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8A shows a state in which the user's eyes are facing the front in the display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8B shows a state in which the user's eyes are facing the front in the conventional display device.

FIG. 9A shows a state in which the user's eyes are directed to the left in the display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 9B shows a state in which the user's eyes are directed to the left in the conventional display device.

10A is a probability configuration diagram of a light detection unit of a display device according to Example 2. FIG.

FIG. 10B shows another example of the photodetection unit of the display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of a display device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a probability configuration diagram of a display device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 13 shows a state in which the user's eyes are facing the front in the display device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 shows a state in which the user's eyes are directed to the left in the display device according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a functional block diagram of a display device according to the fourth embodiment.

16 is a flowchart of the operation of the display device according to the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 17 shows an example of the operation of the display device in the case where the pupil position has changed.

FIG. 18 shows an example of display on the display device when the pupil position has changed.

FIG. 19A shows a state in which a user wears the display device according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 19B shows a state where the position of the deflection unit deviates downward from the state of FIG. 19A .

FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram of a display device according to the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 21 shows an example of usage of the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 shows another example of the application of the display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 shows a state in which the user's eyes are facing the front in a conventional display device.

FIG. 24 shows a state in which the user's eyes are directed to the left in a conventional display device.

FIG. 25 shows a conventional display device including a deflection mirror having a plurality of focal points.

FIG. 26 shows the front and rear states when the pupil position changes in the conventional display device.

FIG. 27 shows directions in which images can be viewed in a conventional display device.

Symbol Description

2 emit light

2b reflected light

2B blue laser

2G green laser

2R red laser

4a movable mirror

6 General control department

7 pupils

8a retina

8b iridescent

8L left eye

8R right eye

9 interpupillary distance

10, 30 display device

11L, 11R spotlight positions

12 Distance between spotlight positions

13RGB light source

14 lasers

14a reflector

14b, 17a, 17b dichroic mirrors

14c lens

15a reflective surface

15L, 15R holographic mirror

16 deflection part position adjustment part

16L, 16R drive unit

17c Light receiving control unit

18 Centerline

19 Wiring

20, 20L, 20R, 32, 32L, 32R images

31, 31L, 31R field of view

61 light quantity control unit

62 deflection part position control part

3L, 3R, 100 image output unit

1L, 1R, 101, 110 light sources

102, 109 wave front shape change department

4L, 4R, 103, 108 scanning department

15, 104, 107 deflection parts

5L, 5R, 105, 111 control department

106, 112 headphone department

120 relative position detection unit

121, 122 lens

123, 124 glasses legs

201 focal length horizontal component change department

202 focal length vertical component change unit

215 rotary body

13r, 211 red laser

13b, 212 blue laser

13g, 213 green laser

17, 17B, 17G, 17R, 214 light detection unit

401 deflection part support part

501 Central Processing Department

502 Storage Department

503 input and output control unit

510 light source input and output control unit

511 wave front shape change input and output control unit

512 scan input and output control unit

513 deflection input and output control unit

514 headphone input and output control unit

515 power input and output control unit

516 communication input and output control unit

520 Department of Communications

801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806L, 806R deflection characteristics

1051A Pupil position detection unit

1052A output image control unit

1053A scan angle control unit

1051B relative position calculation unit

1052B scanning part position adjustment part

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Example 1)

A glasses-type HMD as a beam scanning display device ("image display device" or "display device") according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2, and 3 . 1A is a plan view of the display device, FIG. 1B is a side view of the display device, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a part of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the display device.

The glasses-type HMD involved in Embodiment 1 includes: a display device, lenses 121 and 122 arranged at the positions of the left and right eyes of the user, and a pair of temples 123 and 124, one end of which is connected to the lenses 121 and 122, and the other end is fixed on the side of the user's head.

As shown in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 2, the display device includes: light sources 101, 110 outputting light beams used to describe each pixel constituting a display image; The wavefront shape of the light beam output by 110; the scanning parts 103 and 108 scan the light beams output from the wavefront shape changing parts 102 and 109 two-dimensionally to the deflection parts 104 and 107; the deflection parts 104 and 107 make the scanning part 103 The scanning light of 108 is deflected toward the user's eyes; the control parts 105, 111 control the above-mentioned various parts; and the earphone parts 106, 112.

Furthermore, the left-eye image output unit 100 is constituted by the light source 101 , the wavefront shape changing unit 102 , and the scanning unit 103 . Similarly, the light source 110 , the wavefront shape changing unit 109 , and the scanning unit 108 constitute a right-eye image output unit (not shown).

In addition, in this embodiment, the light sources 101 and 110, the wavefront shape changing sections 102 and 109, the scanning sections 103 and 108, the control sections 105 and 111, and the earphone sections 106 and 112 are accommodated in the temples 123 and 124 , the deflection sections 104 and 107 are provided on the sides of the lenses 121, 122 opposite to the user's eyes.

The light source 101 outputs light beams. As shown in Figure 2, the output light beam is the laser light obtained by combining the laser light output from the red laser light source 211, the blue laser light source 212, and the green laser light source 213. The output of 213 is appropriately modulated so that laser light of any color can be output. In addition, it is possible to display an image on the retina of the user's eye by interlocking modulation with the wavefront shape changing units 102 and 109, scanning units 103 and 108, and the like.

In addition, in FIG. 2 , the red laser light source 211 is a semiconductor laser light source that outputs red laser light, and the blue laser light source 212 is a semiconductor laser light source that outputs blue laser light. In addition, the green laser light source 213 is composed of a semiconductor laser light source for infrared rays and a SHG (Second-Harmonic Generation: Second-Harmonic Generation) element for converting infrared rays into green. However, it is not limited thereto, and the green laser light source 213 may be a semiconductor laser light source that outputs green laser light, or each light source may be a solid laser, a liquid laser, a gas laser, and a light emitting diode.

Moreover, in FIG. 2, the laser light of the laser light sources 211, 212, and 213 of each color is modulated, but it is also possible to modulate the laser light by combining an intensity modulation unit with the laser light sources 211, 212, and 213. The intensity modulation unit modulates the light output from the laser light sources 211 , 212 , and 213 . Even if the laser light sources 211, 212, and 213 output at a constant intensity, they can be applied to the present invention in combination with an intensity modulation unit.

The red laser light source 211, the blue laser light source 212, and the green laser light source 213 appropriately modulate the intensities of the output light beams, respectively, to represent the hue, chromaticity, and brightness of pixels displayed on the retina. Furthermore, in addition to the modulation control described above, correction control may be performed that takes into account the influence of the optical system from the light source 101 to the eyes, such as the scanning unit 103 and the deflecting unit 104 . For example, since the light beam from the scanning unit 103 enters the deflection unit 104 obliquely, the display area is distorted outside a rectangle such as a trapezoid. Therefore, the output control of the laser light may be linked with the scanning unit 103 to form a display area having a shape in which inverse correction is performed in advance to make the display area rectangular.

Furthermore, the light source 101 may also include the photodetector 214 shown in FIG. 2 . The light detection unit 214 detects the intensity of reflected light from the user's eyes. Based on changes in the intensity of reflected light, the direction of the line of sight can be estimated, or the position of the pupil can be estimated.

The wavefront shape changer 102 changes the wavefront shape of the light beam from the light source 101 so that the spot size of the light beam deflected by the deflection unit 104 falls within a predetermined range. The "spot size" of the light beam, which will be described later, may be the spot size on the pupil, the spot size on the cornea, and the spot size on the deflection unit 104 as the spot size on the retina of the user's eye, which will be described later. The size of the light spot on the retina is the same as the pixel size of the display. Also, "wavefront shape" refers to the three-dimensional shape of the wavefront of the beam, including plane, spherical, and aspherical shapes.

The focal length horizontal component changing unit 201 and the focal length vertical component changing unit 202 in the wavefront shape changing unit 102 shown in FIG. 2 are arranged in series on the optical path. Accordingly, the curvature in the horizontal direction and the curvature in the vertical direction of the light beam can be changed independently. The focal length horizontal component changing unit 201 changes the curvature in the horizontal direction by changing the distance between the cylindrical lens and the mirror. The focal length vertical component changing section 202 changes the curvature in the vertical direction by vertically disposing a cylindrical lens with respect to the cylindrical lens of the focal length horizontal component changing section 201 . In addition, both the focal length horizontal component changing unit 201 and the focal length vertical component changing unit 202 change the diameter of the light beam as the radius of curvature changes.

In addition, if the change of the curvature in the horizontal direction is greater than the change in the vertical direction, the corresponding range can be expanded through the change in the horizontal direction, so that when the horizontal viewing angle of the picture needs to be greater than the vertical viewing angle, and such as in the side view It is particularly effective when the horizontal incident angle of the light beam from the scanning unit 103 to the deflecting unit 104 is larger than the vertical incident angle when the scanning unit 103 is installed at the same time.

Also, in FIG. 2, in the item representing the shape of the wavefront, what is changed is a part of the shape of the wavefront such as the radius of curvature in the horizontal direction and the radius of curvature in the vertical direction and the diameters of the respective beams, but it is also possible to use As a method of changing other items, for example, the distribution of curvature in the wavefront, the shape and size of the end of the wavefront, and the like can be changed. By these methods, the influence of aberration can be reduced, and the image quality of display can be improved.

Moreover, in the wavefront shape changing part 102 in Fig. 2, although the shape of the wavefront is changed by using cylindrical lenses and mirrors, other methods can also be used, for example, liquid crystal lenses, liquid lenses, etc. can be used to change the wavefront shape. shaped lenses, and diffractive elements, EO elements (electro-optical conversion elements), and the like.

The scanning unit 103 two-dimensionally scans the light beam output from the wavefront shape changing unit 102 . The scanning unit 103 is a small monolithic mirror whose angle can be changed two-dimensionally, more specifically, a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System: Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) mirror.

In addition, the scanning unit 103 may be realized by a combination of two or more types of scanning units for horizontal scanning and vertical scanning. By separating the horizontal scanning unit and the vertical scanning unit, the vibration of one does not greatly affect the other, and the configuration of the scanning unit can be simplified.

Also, the scanning unit 103 is not limited to the method of physically tilting the mirror, but may also use a method of moving a lens and rotating a diffraction element, and may use a liquid crystal lens, a deformable lens, an AO element (acousto-optical element), and an EO element. A method of deflecting elements such as elements (electro-optical conversion elements).

The deflection unit 104 deflects the direction of the light beam scanned by the scanning unit 103 toward the user's eyes. The deflection unit 104 is manufactured, for example, to form a photopolymer layer on the inner surface of the lens of glasses, and to form a Lippmann hologram on the photopolymer layer, whereby the light beam from the scanning unit 103 is diffracted toward the user's eyes direction. Three layers of holograms reflecting light from red, green, and blue laser light sources 211, 212, and 213 may be formed on the photopolymer layer, or three layers of holograms corresponding to each color of light may be stacked.

And, by making the photopolymer layer into a wavelength selectivity of the hologram, only the light of the light source wavelength is diffracted, and almost all the light from the outside, that is, light of wavelengths other than the light source wavelength is not diffracted. As a transmissive display. The deflection unit 104 is thinned by deflecting the light beam through diffraction by the hologram.

In addition, regarding the formation of a hologram, a photopolymer layer may be formed on the surfaces of the lenses 121, 122, and formed by exposing object light and a reference beam. For example, object light is irradiated to deflection units 104 and 107 from the outside of lenses 121 and 122 (upper side of lenses 121 and 122 in FIG. Here, various deflection characteristics 801 to 806R shown in FIGS. 6A to 6G can be added to the deflection sections 104 and 107 by adjusting the incident angle of object light and the like.

The control unit 105 includes an integrated circuit that controls each unit of the HMD. As shown in FIG. 3 , the control unit 105 may include: a central processing unit 501 , a storage unit 502 , and an input/output control unit 503 .

The central processing unit 501 exchanges signals with the storage unit 502 and the input/output control unit 503 and manages the overall processing of the display device. The storage unit 502 stores data used by the control unit 105 .

The input/output control unit 503 controls the output of control signals to the light source 101 , the wavefront shape changing unit 102 , and the scanning unit 103 , which are the control targets of the control unit 105 , and controls the signal input from the control targets. Specifically, the input and output control unit 503 may also include: a light source input and output control unit 510 for each type of control object, a wavefront shape change input and output control unit 511, a scan input and output control unit 512, and a deflection input and output control unit. 513 , a headphone input and output control unit 514 , a power supply input and output control unit 515 , a communication input and output control unit 516 , and the like. By executing processing related to input and output in the input and output control unit 503, the load on the central processing unit 501 can be reduced.

Furthermore, the control unit 105 may also include a communication unit 520 that is wirelessly connected to peripheral devices such as mobile phones and receives video and audio signals. In this way, the connection between the HMD and peripheral devices becomes a wireless connection, thereby improving the wearing convenience of the HMD.

The earphone unit 106 includes a speaker and outputs sound. In addition, the earphone unit may include a battery that supplies power to each unit of the display device.

In addition, the configurations of the light source 110, the wavefront shape changing unit 109, the scanning unit 108, the deflecting unit 107, the control unit 111, and the earphone unit 112 are similar to those of the above-mentioned light source 101, wavefront shape changing unit 102, scanning unit 103, The deflection unit 104, the control unit 105, and the earphone unit 106 are the same, and description thereof will be omitted here.

4 to 6G, in the light beam scanning display device according to the first embodiment, when the relative position of the user's pupil and the deflection unit 104 changes with the rotation of the eyeball, the method used to control the user The disordered configuration of the recognized image will be described. Moreover, FIG. 4 shows the state when the user's eyeballs look at the front, FIG. 5 shows the state when the user's eyeballs turn to the left, and FIGS. Variation to 806R. In addition, only the deflection unit 104 will be described below, and the deflection unit 107 is the same as the deflection unit 104 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the deflection unit 104 of the present invention is different from the conventional deflection mirror in FIG. The location of the center of the pupil varies across the pupil. Specifically, the deflection characteristic is that the light beam is deflected so that the light beam enters the pupil at different positions according to the incident angle of the light beam towards the pupil.

In the conventional method shown in FIG. 23 , the deflection mirror deflects the light beam so that the light beam incident on the pupil from the left angle, the light beam incident from the front, and the light beam incident from the right angle pass through the pupil at the center of the pupil.

In addition, in FIG. 4 of the present invention, the deflection unit 104 deflects the light beam, so that the light beam incident on the pupil from the left angle passes through the pupil at a position to the left of the center of the pupil, and the light beam incident from the front of the pupil passes through the pupil. The central position passes through the pupil, and the light beam incident on the right side of the pupil passes through the pupil at a position to the right of the pupil center.

In this way, in order to see the left side of the screen, the user turns the eyeball to the left and the pupil moves to the left. In the conventional method, FIG. 23 becomes the state of FIG. Pupil deviation. However, in the present invention, FIG. 4 becomes the state of FIG. 5 , and the user can see the left side of the screen because the light beam incident from the left angle can pass through the pupil. Similarly, when the user moves the pupils to the right to look at the right side of the screen, the user can continue to see the right side of the screen.

And, similar to the left-right direction, even in the up-down direction, as shown in FIG. 4 , the light beam is deflected by making the light beam pass through the pupil at different positions, so that even if the user moves the pupil to the upper side in order to see the upper side of the screen, In this case, the user can continue to see the upper side of the screen, and when the user moves the pupils to the lower side to see the lower side of the screen, the user can continue to see the lower side of the screen.

The diameter of the pupil is set to 3 millimeters, the distance from the pupil to the deflector 104 is 15 millimeters, and the distance from the pupil to the center of rotation of the eyeball is 10.5 millimeters. If the angle of view of the picture that can be seen under such conditions is calculated, it is shown in FIG. 23 In the conventional case, if the line of sight moves more than 14 degrees from the center of the screen, pupil deviation will occur, but in the case of the present invention, even if the line of sight moves to about 26 degrees from the center of the screen, the front of the line of sight can still be seen .

Furthermore, as described above, the deflection unit 104 may be used to make the light beam enter the pupil at different positions according to the incident angle of the light beam to the pupil, or the deflection unit 104 may be a combination of various deflection methods. For example, different deflection characteristics can be added to the left eye and the right eye, respectively. This has the effect that the pupil on one side can compensate for the misalignment of the pupil on the other. Furthermore, the deflection characteristic may be added such that the horizontal incidence angle and the vertical incidence angle of the light beam incident on the pupil are different. In this way, the effect is that the occurrence conditions of pupil deviation are different between the horizontal viewing angle and the vertical viewing angle. Furthermore, different deflection characteristics may be added to the beams of light from a plurality of scanning units. In this way, the effect obtained is that the pupil deviation of the light beam from a certain scanning unit can be compensated by the light beam from another scanning unit.

Hereinafter, various changes in the deflection characteristics added to the deflection unit 104 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6G . 6A shows the deflection characteristics 801 described in FIGS. 4 and 5 , and FIGS. 6B to 6G show other deflection characteristics 802 to 806R. 6A to 6G, the straight line passing through the center of the pupil and perpendicular to the deflection unit 104 is set as 1, the area to the left of the imaginary line 1 of the deflection unit 104 is set as the left deflection area 104L, and the deflection unit 104 The area to the right of the imaginary line 1 is defined as a right deflection area 104R. In addition, the incident angle of the light beam refers to the angle formed by the light beam and the virtual line 1 .

In the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A, the light beam scanned from the scanning unit 103 to the left deflection area 104L passes through the area on the left side of the pupil center, and the light beam scanned to the right deflection area 104R passes through the area on the right side of the pupil center, The beam scanned onto virtual line 1 passes through the center of the pupil. Furthermore, in this deflection characteristic 801, all the deflected light beams are focused deeper than the center of the pupil (closer to the center of the eyeball), that is, the deflection focus is formed deeper than the pupil. Accordingly, the obtained effect is that when the eyeball turns left, the left side of the screen can be continuously seen, while the right side of the screen will gradually become invisible from the right end of the screen. In addition, there is also an effect that it is not necessary to make major changes to the manufacturing method of the deflection unit 104 in the conventional method.

Also, the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A is applicable not only to the horizontal direction but also to the vertical direction. Specifically, the light beam may be deflected so that the light beam passes through the pupil center in such a manner that the light beam scanned to the upper deflection area above the virtual line perpendicular to the deflection unit 104 passes through the upper side area of the pupil center. The user's pupil, the light beam scanned to the lower deflection area below the virtual line, passes through the user's pupil in the lower area of the pupil center.

Furthermore, as a modified example of the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A , the distance from the pupil to the deflection focal point may be made different in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. If the distance in the vertical direction is greater than that in the horizontal direction, the eyeball rotation in the vertical direction in which pupil misalignment occurs will increase, thereby widening the vertical angle of view in which pupil misalignment does not occur. This is effective because the left and right eyes complement each other to make the horizontal viewing angle look wider, but the vertical viewing angle cannot be compensated by the left and right eyes.

In addition, in the above description, the deflection characteristics are defined independently for the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be defined two-dimensionally. In this case, if the screen regions displayed to the user are described in words, they are "screen central part", "screen middle part", and "screen peripheral part" in order from the center of the screen. When the user's line of sight is at the center of the screen, the incident angle of the light beam entering the pupil is smallest at the center of the screen and largest at the periphery of the screen. In addition, a predetermined region including the center of the pupil of the user's pupil will be described with the term "central part of the pupil", and a region outside it will be described with the term "peripheral part of the pupil".

In this way, the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A deflects the beams at the center of the screen toward the center of the pupil, deflects the beams at the center of the screen toward the center of the pupil (except for the center of the pupil), and deflects the beams at the periphery of the screen toward the periphery of the pupil. Similarly, the deflection characteristic 802 shown in FIG. 6B deflects light beams at the peripheral portion of the screen toward the peripheral portion of the pupil, and deflects light beams at the central portion of the screen and the middle portion of the screen toward the central portion of the pupil (pupil center). According to this, the effect obtained is that, in the case of eyeball turning to the left, in addition to being able to continue to see the left side of the picture, the eyeball turning angle of continuing to look at the middle part of the right side of the picture can also be increased.

The deflection characteristic 803 shown in FIG. 6C deflects the light beams at the peripheral portion of the screen and the middle portion of the screen toward the peripheral portion of the pupil, and deflects the light beams at the center of the screen toward the central portion of the pupil (pupil center). According to this, the effect obtained is that in the case of eyeballs turning to the left, in addition to being able to continue to see the left side of the screen, it is also possible to increase the ability to continue looking at the middle of the left side of the screen even when the eyeballs are turning to the left. The eyeball rotation angle of the head.

The deflection characteristic 804 shown in FIG. 6D is a further modification of the deflection characteristic 803 shown in FIG. 6C , so that the light beam at the center of the screen is also deflected toward the periphery of the pupil. According to this, the effect obtained is that in the case of turning the eyeballs to the left, in addition to being able to continue to see the left side of the screen, it is also possible to increase the possibility of continuing to look at the center of the screen even when the eyeballs are turning to the left. The angle of rotation of the eyeball.

The deflection characteristic 805 shown in FIG. 6E is a further modification of the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A. When the line of sight is at the center of the screen, the light beam at the peripheral part of the screen is deflected so as to pass outside the pupil. According to this, the obtained effect is that when the eyeballs turn to the left, in addition to continuing to see the middle part on the left side of the screen, the peripheral part on the left side of the screen can also start to be seen. Furthermore, when the eyeballs are turned to the left, it is possible to increase the turning angle of the eyeballs that continue to look at the peripheral portion of the screen.

And, the deflection characteristics 806L and 806R shown in FIG. 6F and FIG. 6G deflect the light beam scanned to the left deflection area 104 and the light beam scanned to the right deflection area 104R, so that the incident angle of the light beam incident on the pupil And the distance between the incident position of the light beam incident on the pupil and the center of the pupil is left-right asymmetric with respect to the virtual line 1 .

Specifically, the deflection characteristic 806L shown in FIG. 6F deflects the light beam on the left side of the screen in the same manner as the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. 6A , and deflects the light beam on the right side of the screen in the same way as the conventional FIG. That is, the light beam is deflected so that the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area 104L to the pupil is smaller than that of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area 104R, and the light beam scanned to the left deflection area 104L has a smaller angle of incidence to the pupil. The distance between the incident position of the light beam incident on the pupil and the center of the pupil is larger than that of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area 104R.

Similarly, the deflection characteristic 806R shown in FIG. 6E deflects the light beam on the right side of the screen in the same manner as the deflection characteristic 801 shown in FIG. That is, the light beam is deflected so that the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area 104R to the pupil is smaller than that of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area 104L, and is scanned to the angle of the pupil of the right deflection area 104R. The distance between the incident position of the light beam incident on the pupil and the center of the pupil is larger than that of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area 104L.

For example, by adding the deflection characteristic 806L to the deflection unit 104 for the left eye and the deflection characteristic 806R to the deflection unit 107 for the right eye, the left eye can continue to see the left side of the screen when the eyeball turns left. And, in the case of turning the eyeball to the right, the right eye can continue to see the right side of the screen.

Furthermore, the aspect of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 may be combined with the conventional aspect shown in FIG. 25 having a plurality of deflection focuses. In addition, the deflectors 104 and 107 deflect the beam so that the beam passes through the pupil at different positions according to the incident angle of the beam incident on the pupil, so that the deflectors 104 and 107 and the scanners 103 and 108 can be moved and rotated. method.

In addition, the method described in Embodiment 1 is to draw an image with a two-dimensional scanning light beam, but the deflection method of the deflection units 104 and 107 may also be such that the display light from a two-dimensional image display element such as liquid crystal is drawn on the pupil. Spotlight nearby (Maxwell's view).

In addition, each unit and each part of FIGS. 1A to 2 may be housed in one case, or may be housed in a plurality of cases. For example, the light sources 101 and 110 may be accommodated in separate housings from the scanning units 103 and 108 , and the earphone units 106 and 112 may not be present. Moreover, each part may be distributed and provided. For example, part of the control sections 105 and 111 may also be included in the light sources 101 and 110 and the scanning sections 103 and 108 . In addition, a plurality of each part may exist. For example, two scanning units for the left eye and two scanning units for the right eye may be provided respectively. In addition, each device may share each part. For example, two display devices may share the light source 101 .

According to the above structure, in the display device of the present invention, the deflectors 104 and 107 can make the light beam incident on the pupil at different positions according to the incident angle of the light beam incident on the pupil. Multiple deflection focal points and can alleviate the problem of pupil deviation.

Since there is no need to set multiple deflection focuses, many problems caused by multiple deflection focuses can be avoided, such as: the problem of double images drawn on the retina, the problem of reduced light utilization efficiency of the beam, and the need for high-power light sources. problems, problems of high power consumption, problems of complicated manufacturing methods of deflectors 104 and 107, problems of performance degradation of deflectors 104 and 107, problems of overall complexity of the display device, and the like.

(Example 2)

Hereinafter, a display device 10 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 . Also, FIG. 7 is a probability map of the display device 10 .

The display device 10 of Embodiment 2 includes: image output units 3R and 3L for outputting the emitted light 2; a deflecting unit 15 for deflecting the emitted light 2 to the direction of the user's eyes 8R and 8L (focusing positions 11R and 11L); control sections 5R and 5L for controlling the image output sections 3R and 3L; and an overall control section 6 . Furthermore, the image output units 3R and 3L include: light sources 1R and 1L; scanning units 4R and 4L that two-dimensionally scan the emitted light 2 from the light sources 1R and 1L; and a photodetection unit 17 . Furthermore, the deflection unit 15 is composed of hologram mirrors 15R and 15L provided at positions facing the left and right eyes 8R and 8L, respectively. As configured above, the display device 10 shown in the second embodiment includes a left-right symmetrical optical system, and guides the emitted light 2 from the light sources 1R and 1L to the condensing positions 11R and 11L of the left and right eyes 8R and 8L.

Hereinafter, the operation of the display device 10 having a left-right symmetrical configuration and the operation main body of the optical system will be specifically described. Here, among the bilaterally symmetrical optical systems, the optical system on the right side will be described as an example.

The light source 1R shown in FIG. 7 is composed of at least a blue laser light source 13b (hereinafter referred to as "B light source"), a red laser light source 13r (hereinafter referred to as "R light source"), and a green laser light source 13g (hereinafter referred to as "R light source"). G light source") RGB light source 13 constitutes. Then, the intensity of the laser light emitted in time series by the above-mentioned RGB light source 13 is modulated according to the magnitude of the input current, and an image projected on the retina 8a is output. According to such a configuration, it is possible to realize a display device 10 with excellent color reproduction performance, a small size, and low power consumption.

Here, the B light source 13b and the R light source 13r use semiconductor lasers emitting laser light with a wavelength of 450nm and 650nm wavelength, and the G light source 13g uses a SHG laser excited by a semiconductor laser light emitting laser light with a wavelength of 530nm. Then, the laser light 14 emitted from the B light source 13b and the R light source 13r is converted into parallel rays by the lens 14c, and is emitted from the light source 1R. And, parallel light rays are emitted from the G light source 13g.

The scanning unit 4R has a movable mirror 4a, and two-dimensionally scans the laser light 14 from the light source 1R toward the hologram mirror 15R.

The hologram mirror 15R deflects the laser beam 14 scanned by the scanning unit 4R toward the user's eyes (light-gathering position 11R). In addition, the display device 10 has a deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 for moving the deflection unit 15 in a direction (left-right direction in FIG. 7 ) intersecting with the user's line of sight (vertical direction in FIG. 7 ). The deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 is constituted by drive units 16L and 16R which independently move the left and right hologram mirrors 15L and 15R, respectively.

The laser beam 14 emitted from the light source 1R is combined into one by the mirror 14a and the dichroic mirror 14b, and enters the movable mirror 4a of the scanning unit 4R. Then, the laser light 14 is scanned by the movable mirror 4 a onto the reflection surface 15 a of the hologram mirror 15R as the output light 2 .

The outgoing light 2 is reflected by the reflection surface 15a of the hologram mirror 15R, and enters the pupil 7 of the right eye 8R, and then the image is projected on the retina 8a. Moreover, since the output light 2 is scanned into a two-dimensional planar shape on the reflection surface 15a of the holographic mirror 15R, the movable mirror 4a can not only rotate in the horizontal direction (left-right direction), but also rotate in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. turn in the direction. Also, for the operation of the optical system on the left side of the display device 10 , the hologram mirror 15L on the left side is used in the same manner as above.

Here, the distance between the center lines 18 of the pupils 7 of the right eye 8R and the left eye 8L is defined as an interpupillary distance 9 . And, the interval between the condensing position 11R of the output light 2 reflected on the reflecting surface 15a of the hologram mirror 15R and the condensing position 11L of the outgoing light 2 reflected on the reflecting surface 15a of the hologram mirror 15L is defined as the condensing position 11L. Distance 12 between light positions.

In the display device 10 having the above configuration, the hologram mirror 15R and the hologram mirror 15L are provided in such a positional relationship that the observer's inter-pupillary distance 9 and the inter-pupillary distance 12 are different from each other. That is, the condensing positions 11L and 11R at which the outgoing light 2 incident on the left and right pupils 7 condense are symmetrical about the center line 18 of the pupil 7 and deviated from the center line 18 .

With such a configuration, when the pupil 7 moves due to the rotation of the eyes 8R and 8L, part of the outgoing light 2 incident on one of the left and right eyes 8R and 8L is blocked by the iris 8b, and enters the other side. The outgoing light 2 is not blocked by the iridescence 8b. In this way, at least one side of the eyes 8R and 8L can see the image, and therefore, it is possible to realize the display device 10 with less defect in image output and the like.

8A and 9A show enlarged views of important parts of the display device 10 in Example 2, and for comparison with FIGS. 8A and 9A , FIGS. 8B and 9B show enlarged views of important parts of a conventional display device. picture.

8A and 8B show an enlarged view of an important part of the optical system including the vicinity of the left eye 8L of the display device. In FIG. 8A , the condensing position 11L of the outgoing light 2 showing the projected image 20 is slightly to the left of the center line 18 of the left eye 8L. In addition, in FIG. 8B , the condensing position 11L is on the center line 18 of the left eye 8L, and is located in the center even when viewed from the left and right iris 8b.

9A and 9B show that, from the state of FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B , the face does not move but only the left eye 8L turns to the left. The optical positional relationship between them.

As shown in FIG. 9B , in the conventional display device, if one wants to see the left image 20L, the right image 20R is blocked by the iris 8 b and cannot be seen. However, as shown in FIG. 9A , in the display device 10 shown in Embodiment 2, since the focusing position 11L is slightly to the left of the center line 18 of the left eye 8L, the right image 20R is not blocked by the iris 8b. able to be seen.

9A and 9B show the case of the left eye 8L, but the same result is obtained for the case of the right eye 8R. That is, in the conventional display device, when the eyes 8R and 8L are rotated to see the left or right side of the video 20, the left and right sides of the video 20 on the opposite side are almost simultaneously blocked by the iris 8b and cannot be seen.

In addition, in the display device 10 shown in Embodiment 2, when the eyes 8R and 8L turn around to see the left or right side of the image 20, the image on the opposite side can be viewed by at least one of the eyes 8R and 8L. See. Therefore, when the pupil 7 moves due to the rotation of the eyes 8R and 8L, at least one of the eyes 8R and 8L can see the video 20 , so that the display device 10 that does not lack video output is realized.

The display device 10 of the second embodiment having the above configuration further includes a photodetector 17 that detects reflected light 2 b from the pupils 7 of the left and right eyes 8R and 8L shown in FIG. 7 . Then, at least one of the intensity of the emitted light 2 emitted from the image output units 3R and 3L and the position of the deflection unit 15 is controlled by the control unit 5 and the overall control unit 6 based on the signal of the light detection unit 17 .

Hereinafter, the control units 5L and 5R, the collective control unit 6 , and the light detection unit 17 of the display device 10 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A , 10B, and 11 . 10A is a schematic configuration diagram of the photodetector 17 , FIG. 10B shows another form of the photodetector 17 , and FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the display device 10 .

The light detection unit 17 according to the second embodiment detects whether the emitted light 2 enters the pupil 7 or is blocked by the iris 8 b and does not enter the pupil 7 by detecting reflected light from the user's eyes. And, the center position of the pupil 7 is detected from the intensity of the reflected light.

Reflected light 2b shown in FIG. 10A is incident on photodetector 17, and is split into blue laser light (hereinafter referred to as "B light") 2B and green laser light (hereinafter referred to as "G light") by two dichroic mirrors 17a and 17b. ”) 2G and red laser light (hereinafter referred to as “R light”) 2R, which are detected by photodetectors 17B, 17G, and 17R, respectively. Then, the detected optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, transmitted to the light receiving control unit 17 c through the wiring 19 , and then transmitted to the control units 5L and 5R and the overall control unit 6 .

Similarly, the reflected light 2b shown in FIG. 10B enters the photodetector 17 and is split into blue laser light (hereinafter referred to as "B light") 2B and green laser light (hereinafter referred to as "G light") 2G by the diffraction grating 17g. and red laser light (hereinafter referred to as "R light") 2R are detected by photodetectors 17B, 17G, and 17R, respectively. Then, the detected optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, transmitted to the light receiving control unit 17 c through the wiring 19 , and then transmitted to the control units 5L and 5R and the overall control unit 6 .

In this way, by splitting and detecting the reflected light 2b according to wavelength bands, the observer can detect different colors of the iridescence 8b, and therefore can accurately detect whether light is blocked by the iris 8b.

Next, referring to FIG. 11 , the overall control unit 6 has: a light quantity control unit 61 that controls the light quantity of the laser light 14 output from the light sources 1R and 1L; Section 15 location.

The light quantity control unit 61 judges whether both of the light beams deflected by the holographic mirror 15L and the holographic mirror 15R have entered the user's eyes 8R and 8L, or whether one of the light beams has not entered the user's eyes, based on the detection result of the light detection unit 17. User's eyes 8R and 8L. Then, when it is determined that one of the light beams does not enter the user's eyes 8R and 8L, the light sources 1R and 1L increase the light intensity of the other light beam.

According to such a configuration, when the emitted light 2 reaches the retina 8a through the pupil 7, the intensity of the reflected light 2b is low, and when the emitted light 2 is reflected by the iris 8b, the intensity of the reflected light 2b increases. Which one of the eyes 8R and 8L is observed, or both of the eyes 8R and 8L are observed, and according to the judgment result, the left and right control parts 5L and 5R and the overall control part 6 control the increase or decrease of the light quantity of the emitted light 2, Accordingly, the viewer can observe an image displayed with appropriate brightness.

That is, in the case of viewing with both eyes, the light quantities of the light sources 1R and 1L are reduced, and in the case of viewing with only one eye, the fluctuation of the light quantity when the pupil 7 moves is suppressed, so that an image 20 that is easy to see can be obtained. .

Then, the deflection unit position control unit 62 calculates the interpupillary distance 9 of the user based on the detection result of the light detection unit 17 . Then, the deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 is controlled to move the hologram mirror 15L and the hologram mirror 15R so that the inter-focus distance 12 is different from the calculated interpupillary distance 9 .

With such a configuration, even when observers with different interpupillary distances 9 use the same display device 10 as in Embodiment 2, the deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 can easily place the hologram mirror 15L and the hologram mirror 15R moves to a position opposite eyes 8R and 8L. Therefore, since the distance 12 between the light-collecting positions can be set appropriately for each observer, the observer can observe an image without lack of image output.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 11, the light amount control unit 61 and the deflection unit position control unit 62 are housed in the overall control unit 6, but not limited thereto, they may also be housed in the control unit 5R and the control unit 62. In one of the units 5L, the control unit 5R, the control unit 5L, and the overall control unit 6 may share the processing.

Also, the drive units 16L and 16R constituting the deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 may be regulators controlled by the control units 5L and 5R and the overall control unit 6, or may be manually operated along the rails mounted on the frame. This mode moves the left and right holographic mirrors 15L and 15R.

In addition, in Example 2, it is shown that the light-focusing positions 11L and 11R are shifted in the horizontal direction (left-right direction) with respect to the center line 18 for the right eye 8R and the left eye 8L, respectively. However, the light-focusing positions 11L and 11R It is not necessary to be located on the horizontal line connecting the left and right pupils, and at least one of them may be located at a position other than the horizontal line. That is, it may be located in the upper, lower or oblique direction of the pupil. However, it is preferable to be located in a symmetrically deviated position from the left and right pupils. In this case, it is possible to prevent the screen from disappearing when the eyes are turned up and down.

(Example 3)

A display device 30 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 12 . FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of the display device 30 . Furthermore, the basic configuration of the display device 30 is the same as that of the display device 10 shown in FIG. 7 , and the description of the same points will be omitted, and the differences will be described below.

In the display device 30 according to the third embodiment, the hologram mirror 15L and the hologram mirror 15R project different images of the field of view 31 onto the retinas 8a of the eyes 8R and 8L, respectively. In addition, areas surrounded by elliptical dotted lines in FIG. 12 represent the field of view 31, respectively representing the left field of view 31L and the right field of view 31R. In addition, here, the inter-pupillary distance 9 is the same as the distance between the light-condensing position 11L and the light-condensing position 11R, that is, the distance 12 between the light-condensing positions.

With such a configuration, when the pupil 7 moves due to the rotation of the eyes 8R and 8L, the observer can see an image through at least one of the eyes 8R or 8L. In this way, it is possible to realize the display device 30 with no defect in image output, and to recognize all the video images output from the image output unit 3 .

FIG. 13 shows an enlarged view of an important part of a display device 30 of Embodiment 3. As shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 13 shows enlarged an important part of the optical system including the vicinity of the eyes 8R and 8L in the display device 30 . In FIG. 13 , the condensing positions 11L and 11R at which the emitted light 2 is condensed in the pupil 7 of the projected image 20 are located on the center line 18 of the eyes 8R and 8L. Fields of view 31L and 31R are different relative to centerline 18 . In order to enlarge the visual field on the left side of the central line 18 of the left eye 8L and to enlarge the visual field on the right side of the central line 18 of the right eye 8R, the emitted light 2 from the holographic mirrors 15L and 15R is focused on Among pupil 7.

In addition, in order to display images with different fields of view in the left and right eyes 8R and 8L of the user, the holographic mirror 15L according to the third embodiment has the deflection characteristic for deflecting the light beam so that the light beam passing through the center of the pupil and scanned to the holographic reflection The light beams in the left deflected area to the left of the vertical center line (imaginary line) 18 of the mirror 15L and the light beams scanned to the right in the right deflected area are left and right asymmetrical with respect to the center line 18 . In FIG. 12, the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area is larger than the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area.

Likewise, the hologram mirror 15R has a deflection characteristic for deflecting the beam so that the beam passing through the center of the pupil, scanned to the left deflected area on the left side of the vertical center line (virtual line) 18 of the hologram mirror 15R, and The light beam scanned to the right deflected area is left-right asymmetric with respect to the center line 18 . In FIG. 12, the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the right deflection area is larger than the incident angle of the light beam scanned to the left deflection area.

FIG. 14 shows an enlarged view of an important part of the display device 30 in Embodiment 3 when the eyes 8R and 8L are turned. That is, this figure shows the optical positional relationship between the emitted light 2 and the eyes 8R and 8L when viewed from the center of the image 20 to the left from the state of FIG. . At this time, for the left and right eyes 8L and 8R, since the ranges of the left and right visual fields 31L and 31R in the holographic mirrors 15L and 15R are different with respect to the center line 18, the left and right visual fields are projected onto the retina 8a. The image 32 becomes as shown in FIG. 14 , and is respectively an image 32L and an image 32R. Here, in the right eye 8R, since part of the image 32 is blocked by the iris 8b, the shown image 32R is partially missing. However, in the left eye 8L, since the field of view on the right side of the center line 18 is narrowed, the entire image 20 is clearly projected on the retina 8 a as an image 32L.

With such a configuration, when the pupil 7 moves due to the rotation of the eyes 8R and 8L, the observer can see an image with at least one eye 8R or 8L. In this way, it is possible to realize the display device 30 with no defect in image output, and to recognize all of the video images 20 output from the image output unit 3 .

Furthermore, similarly to the second embodiment, the observer's interpupillary distance 9 and the inter-focus distance 12 may be different. With such a configuration, when the pupil 7 moves further due to the rotation of the eyes 8R and 8L, at least one of the eyes 8R and 8L can see the video, so that the output of the video is not lacking. device 30.

In addition, a deflection unit position adjustment unit 16 may be provided to move the movable hologram mirror 15L and the hologram mirror 15R to positions facing the eyes 8R and 8L. With such a configuration, even when observers with different interpupillary distances 9 use the same display device 30 as that of the present invention, the left and right deflecting unit 15 can be easily moved to the position corresponding to the eyes 8R by the deflecting unit position adjusting unit 16 . On the position opposite to 8L. Therefore, since the distance 12 between the light-collecting positions can be set appropriately for each observer, the observer can observe an image without lack of image output.

In addition, Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 2, and the focusing positions 11L and 11R are not necessarily located on the horizontal line connecting the left and right pupils, and at least one of them may be located outside the horizontal line. That is, it may be located in the upper, lower or oblique direction of the pupil. However, it is preferable to be located in a symmetrically deviated position from the left and right pupils.

(Example 4)

A display device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1A , 1B, 2 and 15 . Also, FIG. 15 is a functional block diagram of the display device. 1A, 1B, and 2 are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the display device according to the fourth embodiment, the deflection units 104 and 107 have a plurality of focal points as a measure to prevent pupil misalignment. Specifically, the deflection characteristics of the deflection units 104 and 107 are such that the light beams scanned by the scanning units 103 and 108 are focused on a first focal point and a second focal point different from the first focal point. That is, the deflection units 104 and 107 have the function of being able to split the light beams from the scanning units 103 and 108 into light beams heading to the first focus and light beams going to the second focus. Furthermore, the deflection units 104 and 107 having the above configuration can be manufactured by a conventional manufacturing method of a hologram mirror. For example, it can be manufactured by trying to combine object light and reference light.

The control unit 105 has an integrated circuit that controls each unit of the HMD. In addition, a communication unit may be provided to wirelessly connect peripheral devices such as mobile phones to receive video and audio signals.

The control unit 105 controls the output of the image output unit 100 according to the change of the pupil position from the position including the first focus to the position including the second focus due to the user's eyeball rotation, so that the user can see the pupil position before and after the change. Ability to see virtual images identified by oneself in the same direction. In addition, at the same time, the image output unit 100 is controlled so that the user can see the virtual image recognized by the user in the same direction before and after the pupil distance changes.

In addition, in a display device capable of displaying a virtual image at infinity, "the virtual image can be seen in the same direction" means that the light beams depicting the same pixel move from the deflection parts 104 and 107 to The areas of the user's eyes become nearly parallel.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15 , the control unit 105 includes a pupil position detection unit 1051A, an output image control unit 1052A, and a scan angle control unit 1053A.

The pupil position detection unit 1051A detects the position of the user's pupil center, that is, detects a change in the pupil position, based on the detection result of the light detection unit 214 .

In order to make the light beams drawing the same pixel almost parallel in the region from the deflecting units 104 and 107 toward the user’s eyes before and after the change in the pupil position, the output image control unit 1052A makes the light sources 101 and 110 output images for drawing each pixel. and deflecting the beam to the direction in which the position of the user's pupils has changed. In addition, the output of the image output unit 100 is controlled so that the size of the virtual image recognized by the user is the same before and after the change in the interpupillary distance.

In order to make the light beams drawing the same pixel almost parallel in the region from the deflecting units 104 and 107 toward the user’s eyes before and after the change of the pupil position, the scanning angle control unit 1053A makes the scanning units 103 and 108 scan and draw each pixel. pixel's light beam and deflects the light beam to the direction in which the position of the user's pupil has changed.

In addition, in Embodiment 4, the method of two-dimensionally scanning the light beam and drawing an image is described, but it is also possible to deflect the display light from a two-dimensional image display element such as a liquid crystal in a manner of deflecting by the deflectors 104 and 107. Near the pupil (Maxwell's view).

16 and 17, the display devices of FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B change the output image in order to reduce the change in the position and size of the displayed image accompanying the switching of the focus position corresponding to the pupil position. The display position and size workflow. In addition, only the processing on the left eye side will be described below, and the same processing is performed on the right eye.

(S01) The light detection unit 214 detects the pupil position, and moves to S02. The light detection unit 214 detects the intensity of light beam reflected from the user's eyes. The cornea on the surface of the eye has an aspherical shape, and only when the light beam is incident from the front of the eye, the light beam is perpendicular to the corneal surface and reflected vertically, so that a greater intensity of reflected light can be detected. Therefore, when the pupil position detection unit 1051A of the control unit 105 detects strong reflected light, it can be estimated that the light beam passes through the center of the pupil and enters the pupil plane perpendicularly. Since the incident position and direction of the light beam incident on the eye can be calculated from the scanning angle of the scanning unit 103 at that time, the pupil position can be estimated using reflected light.

The reflected light detection work in S01 and the method of realizing the detection using reflected light in S02 described later can be as shown in Embodiment 4, can be the method of using the reflected light of the light beam scanned by the scanning part 103, or can use the same A method of light reflected from another light source, which is different from the light beam from the scanning unit 103 . For example, in Patent Document 5, line-of-sight detection is realized by using an image sensor to detect infrared light emitted from an infrared light-emitting diode and reflected by eyes. Furthermore, in Patent Document 6, an image sensor is used to detect the reflected light of the light beam scanned by the scanning unit on the eyes, thereby realizing line-of-sight detection.

In addition, the intensity of reflected light from the eye can be represented by the ratio of the intensity of emitted light modulated by the light source 101 to the intensity of reflected light detected by the light detection unit 214 . In this way, it is possible to reduce the influence of changes in the intensity of emitted light accompanying changes in displayed images. In addition, it is possible to detect reflected light while scanning light such as infrared rays that cannot be sensed by the eyes with a certain intensity. In addition, the focus of infrared rays in the deflection unit 104 may be set to a position different from the focus of visible light, such as the center of rotation of the eyeball, as a position suitable for pupil position detection. Accordingly, reflected light can be detected for each change of the displayed image.

In addition, instead of using the photodetection unit 214 , it is also possible to use a camera to capture the eye and detect the pupil position from the captured image. In addition, the position of the pupil can be detected by detecting the electric signal from the muscle caused by the rotation of the eyeball. In addition, it is also possible to estimate the position of the pupil by changing the display position of the information on the screen and inducing the eye to turn.

Also, in addition to detecting the pupil position, the pupil size (diameter) can also be detected. As for the detection method of the pupil size, the pupil size may be measured using reflected light from the pupil and the iris, or the pupil size may be estimated by detecting the surrounding brightness.

Furthermore, when no reflected light is detected in S01, the pupil position may be set as a predetermined value. For example, when no reflected light is detected because no light beam is output at first, the pupil position may be set assuming that the line of sight is directed toward the center of the screen.

(S02) The pupil position detection unit 1051A of the control unit 105 judges the focus position corresponding to the pupil position, and proceeds to the operation of S03. Since the focus position is known when the deflection units 104 and 107 are created, the focus position closest to the pupil position obtained in S01 is determined as "the focus position corresponding to the pupil position".

In the example shown in FIG. 17 , the deflection unit 104 has two focal points, focus A and focus B. The light beam incident on deflection position A is deflected to both focus A and focus B. Similarly, the light beam incident to deflection position B is also deflected to both Deflection to focus A and deflection to focus B. Here, when it is detected in S01 that the pupil position is the pupil position A, it is determined in S02 that the focus A is the "corresponding focus position". When it is detected that the pupil position is at the pupil position B, it is determined that the focus B is the "corresponding focus position".

Also, methods other than selecting the focus position closest to the pupil position may be employed. For example, when a plurality of focus positions are within the pupil, any one may be selected, and if none of the focus positions is within the pupil, none of the focus positions may be selected, and display may not be performed during this period.

(S03) The pupil position detection unit 1051A of the control unit 105 determines whether the focus position determined in S02 is different from the focus position determined last time. work. And, when the last judgment result is not obtained, it can be regarded as "a different situation", and the operation of S04 can be shifted.

(S04) The output image control unit 1052A of the control unit 105 corrects the display position of the image, and proceeds to the operation of S05. If the previous focus position is different from the current focus position, the display position is corrected so that the video is incident at the same angle to the front of the head. Specifically, in order to make the light beams drawing the same pixel almost parallel in the region from the deflection unit 104 toward the user's eyes before and after the change in the pupil position, the light source 101 outputs the light beams drawing each pixel, and the The light beam is deviated to the direction in which the position of the pupil of the user has changed.

In the example of FIG. 17 , if the pupil position before eyeball rotation is A and the pupil position after rotation is B, then the display position is corrected along with the rotation so that the image displayed at deflection position A is displayed at deflection position B. According to this correction, the image in the direction A1 seen from the pupil position A can also be seen in the same direction A2 as the direction A1 at the pupil position B, so that the position deviation of the image due to eye rotation can be corrected.

And, when there is a virtual screen at an infinite distance from the direction A1, since the direction A2 and the direction A1 are in the same direction, when the distance to the virtual screen is short, in order to make both the direction A1 and the direction A2 face the virtual screen A point inside, and set the direction A2 and correct the display position.

In addition, the above-described processing may be performed by the scan angle control unit 1053A instead of the output image control unit 1052A. Specifically, in order to make the light beams drawing the same pixel almost parallel in the region from the deflecting units 104 and 107 toward the eyes of the user before and after the change of the pupil position, the scanning units 103 and 108 scan and draw each pixel. and deflecting the beam to the direction in which the position of the user's pupils has changed.

Furthermore, when the head is turned, a method of changing the display position according to the turning angle may be employed. In this case, it may be a combination of a display position change due to head turning and a display position change due to the correction of the present invention.

(S05) The output image control unit 1052A of the control unit 105 corrects the display size of the image, and proceeds to the operation of S06. When the previous focus position is different from the current focus position, the display size is corrected so that the angle of view between two different points in the image does not change regardless of which focus position is switched.

In the example in FIG. 17 , if the pupil position before the eyeball turns is A, and the pupil position after the turn is B, then the image displayed with the turn is enlarged and displayed. Since the distance B from the pupil position B to the deflection position B is longer than the distance A from the pupil position A to the deflection position A, the display is enlarged by B/A times the ratio, so that even if the focus position A is moved to At the focus position B, the angle of view between two different points in the image does not change, so it is possible to correct the deviation of the image size caused by the rotation of the eyeballs.

Also, only one of the display position correction in S04 and the display size correction in S05 may be corrected. Furthermore, the processing may be shared between the output image control unit 1052A and the scan angle control unit 1053A. For example, the scan angle control unit 1053A is in charge of the display position correction of S04, and the output image control unit 1052A is in charge of the display size correction of S05.

In addition, in FIG. 17 , the light beam from one scanning unit 103 is deflected to the focal point A and the focal point B. However, a plurality of scanning units and light sources may be provided corresponding to a plurality of focal points. In this way, the image light passing through the focus A and the image light passing through the focus B can be independently controlled, and the work of S04 and S05 can be performed independently and simultaneously at the focus A and focus B. As a result, even if the focal points A and B are in the pupil at the same time, and the image via the focal point A and the image via the focal point B are superimposed on the retina, the overlapping images will not deviate but will match. Moreover, in order to reduce the double brightness of the overlapping part, the brightness of the overlapping part can be reduced by the light source in advance, so that the problem of brightening of the overlapping part can be alleviated.

(S06) The light source 101 controls the output of the light beam, and moves to the operation of S07. In S04 and S05, when the display position and display size are corrected, the output of the light beam is controlled so as to become a corrected image.

By appropriately modulating the intensities of the light beams output from the red laser light source 211 , the blue laser light source 212 , and the green laser light source 213 , the hue, chroma, and brightness of pixels displayed on the retina are expressed. Furthermore, besides the above-mentioned output control, the scanning unit 103, the deflection unit 104, etc. may perform correction control in consideration of the influence of the optical system from the light source 101 to the eyes.

For example, since the light beam from the scanning unit 103 enters the deflection unit 104 in an oblique direction, the display area becomes a trapezoid or the like beyond a rectangular range. Therefore, in order to make the display area rectangular, laser output control is linked with the scanning unit 103 so that the display area has an inversely corrected shape in advance.

Furthermore, when a part of the video falls outside the deflection area of the deflection unit 104 due to the correction of the display position and size, a method of not outputting the part of the video may be employed. In addition, in order to avoid the situation of not outputting, it is possible to output an image to a part of the deflection area in advance, and continue outputting after correction.

(S07) The wavefront shape changing unit 102 changes the wavefront shape of the light beam from the light source 101 so that the spot size of the light beam on the retina falls within a predetermined range, and then moves to the operation of S08. The size of the light beam spot on the retina changes due to the positional relationship between the scanning unit 103 and the deflecting unit 104 and the pupil and the retina. The wavefront shape of the beam changes. For example, when it is desired to change the horizontal focal length of the wavefront shape, the horizontal focal length is changed by changing the distance between the cylindrical lens and the reflector of the focal length horizontal component changing part 201 of the wavefront shape changing part 102. . Similarly, when it is desired to change the vertical focal length, it is changed in the focal length vertical component changing unit 202 .

(S08) The scanning unit 103 changes the scanning angle of the light beam from the wavefront shape changing unit 102 by tilting the MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) mirror, and proceeds to the operation of S09. Furthermore, when the scan angle is changed by the scan angle control unit 1053A, the changed scan angle is set.

(S09) The deflection unit 104 deflects the light beam from the scanning unit 103 to a plurality of focus positions set near the user's pupil, and moves to the operation of S01. The light beam deflected by the diffraction effect of the holographic mirror of the deflection unit 104 passes through the pupil, reaches the retina, and is perceived by the user as an image.

In addition, a series of processes from S06 to S09 may be executed sequentially, may be executed simultaneously, or the execution order may be reversed. Accordingly, the execution of each unit can be performed in an appropriate order according to the time difference and delay from the start of execution to the preparation, actual work, post-processing, and completion of execution, and the total processing time can be shortened.

Also, the frequency with which the processing from S01 to S05 is performed may be different from the frequency with which the processing from S06 to S09 is performed. It is also possible to move to the work of S06 after S09 is executed.

Moreover, the work from S01 to S09 can also be used as a processing work with probability. For example, it may be expressed as a probability such that the probability of the focus position changing is 50%. According to this, even when the predicted value is inaccurate, it is possible to display with higher image quality than when no prediction is performed.

Through the above operations, images can be drawn on the user's retina with the corrected display position and display size following the rotation of the eyeballs.

Fig. 18 shows a corrected display example. When the pupil position of the user's head has moved to the left, the heart shape in the displayed image moves to the left of the display position and is displayed enlarged. Also, in the case where the pupil position is moved to the right, the heart shape is moved to the right and displayed enlarged. Through these corrections of the display position and size, even if the user's eyes are moved, the position and size of the visual image can be kept unchanged.

With the above configuration and operation, in the display device of the present invention, when the deflection units 104 and 107 deflect the display light to a plurality of focus positions corresponding to changes in the pupil position accompanying the eyeball rotation, it is possible to reduce the The position and size of the displayed image are changed by switching the focus position corresponding to the pupil position. Furthermore, since the deflectors 104 and 107 change in position and size the closer they are to the eyes, this configuration enables the deflectors 104 and 107 to be arranged at positions closer to the eyes. In addition, the problems that occurred in the method of providing the deflectors 104 and 107 with a plurality of focal points as a measure against pupillary deviation are also solved, so that a wide-angle and large-screen HMD can be realized.

In addition, in Embodiment 4, the control by the control unit 105 has been described as an example. However, a method of controlling by the control unit 111 may also be used, and a method of sharing processing between two control units 105 and 111 may also be used.

(Example 5)

A display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1A , 1B, and 2 . 1A, 1B, and 2 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and detailed explanations will be omitted. The display device according to the fifth embodiment is configured so that the user can continue to see images even when the glasses are misaligned.

As shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B , the deflection unit 104 according to Embodiment 5 has a plurality of focal points such as a focal point A and a focal point B as a countermeasure against pupillary deviation at the time of wearing. Since the light beam scanned by the scanning unit 103 passes through the focus A and the focus B and is reflected by the deflection unit 104, in FIG. In FIG. 19B , an image can be seen with the light beam passing through the focal point B.

In Fig. 19B, due to the deviation of the glasses, the deflection parts 104 of the lenses 121 and 122 of the glasses have moved below and far away relative to the eyeball, thus causing the focal point A to deviate from the position of the pupil. The far focus B of the deflection unit 104 corresponds to the pupil position. As shown in FIG. 19B , the position of the focal point B is set so that the inclination of the line connecting the focal points A and B is the same as the inclination of the deviation movement of the deflection unit 104 due to the deviation of the glasses. That is, focus A and focus B are located on a straight line parallel to the user's nose bridge.

Furthermore, when the distance from focus A to focus B is set to be greater than or equal to the pupil width (height) in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane and less than or equal to the pupil width in the horizontal direction, the glasses-type HMD faces downward relative to the face. In the case of movement, the situation that multiple light beams from multiple focal points enter the pupil can be reduced, and the situation that no light beam enters from any focal point can be reduced.

In addition, it is possible to adopt an embodiment in which the deflection unit 104 does not have a plurality of focal points, and the focus positions are moved by moving or rotating the deflection unit 104 and the scanning unit 103 . For example, another example of preventing pupillary deviation during wearing will be described with reference to FIG. 20 . 20 is a functional block diagram of the display device according to the fifth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 20, the display device includes: a rotating body 215, a relative position calculation unit 1051B, and a scanning unit position adjustment unit 1052B. Furthermore, the rotating body 215 is disposed between the lenses 121 and 122 at a position where it comes into contact with the user's nose. In addition, the relative position calculation unit 1051B and the scanning unit position adjustment unit 1052B are included in the control unit 105 .

The rotator 215 rotates on its own as the deflectors 104 and 107 move in the vertical direction. The relative position calculation unit 1051B detects a change in the relative position between the user's pupil center and the deflecting units 104 and 107 based on the rotation angle of the rotating body 215 . Furthermore, the rotator 215 and the relative position calculation unit 1051B constitute a relative position detection unit 120 that detects a change in the relative position between the user's pupil center and the deflection units 104 and 107 .

The scanning unit position adjustment unit 1052B moves the positions of the scanning units 103 and 108 according to the change of the user's pupil center from a position including the first focal point to a position including the second focal point based on the detection result of the relative position detecting unit 120, so that The orientation of the light beams scanned by the scanning sections 103 and 108 to the deflecting sections 104 and 107 changes from the first direction to a second direction different from the first direction.

And, the deflection sections 104 and 107 in this case are constituted by holograms having first interference fringes that condense light beams incident from a first direction to a first focal point, and second interference fringes, The second interference fringes focus the light beam incident from the second direction to the second focal point. In addition, as a method of forming a plurality of interference fringes in the deflection unit, for example, various combinations of object light and reference light may be prepared and exposed to the photopolymer layer multiple times.

In the display device having the above-mentioned configuration, the relative position detection unit 120 detects the deviation of the glasses. In addition, the scanning unit position adjusting unit 1052B changes the relative positions of the scanning units 103 and 108 and the deflecting units 104 and 107 based on the detection result of the relative position detecting unit 120 , so that the user can continue to see the image.

According to this method, since the deflection units 104 and 107 do not need to simultaneously condense the light beams from the scanning units 103 and 108 to multiple focal points, various problems caused by the pupil simultaneously including multiple focal points can be avoided.

In addition, in Embodiment 5, an image is drawn by two-dimensionally scanning light beams, but it is also possible to deflect the deflectors 104 and 107 so that the display light from a two-dimensional image display element such as liquid crystal is Spotlight near the pupil (Maxwell's view).

According to the above configuration, in the display device of the present invention, even if the glasses are misaligned in the glasses-type HMD, the problem of pupil misalignment during wearing can be resolved, so that the situation of not being able to see images is less likely to occur. In addition, since the problem of glasses misalignment is reduced, it is possible to realize a heavy HMD that is likely to cause glasses misalignment, and a heavy HMD in the front (lens part), and it is possible to realize an HMD with a small contact area with the nose and ears . In addition, since problems that arise when the HMD is of the glasses type can be reduced, the HMD can be of the glasses type.

Moreover, the above-mentioned various embodiments can be combined in any way to expect to obtain a synergistic effect. Furthermore, advantageous effects are achieved by applying to the uses shown below. However, the use of the present invention is not limited to the following.

(Example 6)

Fig. 21 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle-mounted HUD (Head-up Display) in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

The basic configuration and operation of the light source 101 , the wavefront shape changing unit 102 , the scanning unit 103 , the deflecting unit 104 , the control unit 105 , and the earphone unit 106 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, a video is displayed to a user who is riding a car. As in the first embodiment, by giving the deflection unit 104 the light beam reflection characteristics and the transmission characteristics of visible light from outside the vehicle, it is possible to see the scenery outside the vehicle and the display of the present invention. Accordingly, while looking at the scenery outside the car, you can also see information about driving operations such as speed, precautions or warnings, and route guidance, as well as location information.

The light source 101, the wavefront shape changing unit 102, and the scanning unit 103 may be installed near the ceiling of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 21 . Accordingly, the obtained effect is that the field of view seen through the window will not be blocked, and by disposing it at a place close to the eyes, the effect of shortening the optical path and improving display accuracy can be obtained. In addition, the light source 101 may be arranged at a place separated from the wavefront shape changer 102 such as under the vehicle body, and the light beam may be transmitted from the light source to the wavefront shape changer 102 by an optical fiber. In this way, the effect of reducing the area for installing the light source 101 on the ceiling can be obtained.

The control section 105 may be provided in the instrument panel. Other control devices other than the display device of the present invention, such as control devices such as a vehicle speed management device or a guide control device (car navigation system), can also be used in the control unit 105 of the present invention. In this way, the effect of reducing the total number of control devices can be obtained.

The earphone unit 106 does not need to be in contact with the user's ears, and speakers may be installed in the interior space around the user, for example, in the doors or on the front dashboard.

The deflection unit support 401 supports the deflection unit 104 from the ceiling or the upper part of the window. The position adjustment function of the deflection part support part 401 can adjust the position and inclination of the deflection part 104 according to the head position of the user. Adjustments can be made manually by the user or automatically. As a method of automatic adjustment, a camera may be installed near the deflection unit supporting part 401, and the deflection unit 104 may be moved or rotated to make the deflection unit 104 in an appropriate position by taking pictures and recognizing the position changes of the user's head or eyes. or angle.

(Example 7)

FIG. 22 is a configuration diagram of a chair-mounted display device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

The basic configuration and operation of the light source 101 , the wavefront shape changing unit 102 , the scanning unit 103 , the deflecting unit 104 , the control unit 105 , and the earphone unit 106 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In Example 7, a video is displayed to a user sitting on a chair.

The light source 101 , the wavefront shape changing unit 102 , and the scanning unit 103 can be arranged in each portion from the back of the chair to the deflecting unit 104 in front of the user's eyes as shown in FIG. 22 . Although it is placed above the user's head in FIG. 22 , it may be placed on the side of the head or below the head.

The control unit 105 can be arranged at the lower part of the chair. Other control devices other than the display device of the present invention, for example, control devices such as a massage control device may also be used in this control unit 105 . In this way, the effect of reducing the total number of control devices can be obtained.

The earphone unit 106 may not be in contact with the user's ear, and a speaker may be provided behind or on the side of the head.

Moreover, the control processing in each of the above-mentioned embodiments can be realized by causing the CPU to interpret and execute predetermined program data capable of executing the above-mentioned processing stored in a recording device (ROM, RAM, hard disk, etc.). order. In this case, the program data may be imported into the recording device via the recording medium, or may be directly executed on the recording medium. Furthermore, the recording medium refers to semiconductor memories such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory, magnetic disk memories such as floppy disks and hard disks, optical disks such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and BDs, and memory cards such as SD cards. In addition, the recording medium may conceptually also include communication media such as telephone lines and transmission lines.

The display device according to the present invention can reduce the influence of pupillary deviation, and can be applied to a display device, a display system, a display method, and the like.

Claims (5)

1. a display device is presented at image on user's the retina, comprising:

The image efferent comprises light source and scanner section, and described light source output beam, this light beam are used to describe to constitute each pixel of described image, and described scanner section scans the light beam by described light source output on two-dimensional directional; And

Deflector makes in the direction deflection to user's eyes of the light beam of described image efferent output;

Described deflector has deflection characteristic, this deflection characteristic can suppress the disorder of the image that causes because of the variation with the relative position of user's pupil, and this deflection characteristic makes the beam deflection by described scanner section scanning, thereby make this light beam that is deflected according to incident angle to user's pupil, different position by pupil

And, this deflection characteristic makes beam deflection, so that the light beam of left side deflection area that is scanned dummy line left side is at the left field of the pupil center pupil by the user, and make the light beam of the right side deflection area be scanned described dummy line right side at the right side area of pupil center pupil by the user, described dummy line is passed through pupil center, and vertical with described deflector.

2. display device as claimed in claim 1,

Described deflector has deflection characteristic, this deflection characteristic makes beam deflection, so that the light beam that is scanned the light beam of described left side deflection area and is scanned described right side deflection area towards the incident angle of pupil and light beam to the incoming position of pupil and the distance of pupil center, be that the left and right sides is asymmetric with respect to described dummy line.

3. display device as claimed in claim 2,

Described deflector comprises left eye deflector and right eye deflector, described left eye makes by the direction deflection towards user's left eye of the light beam of described scanner section scanning with deflector, and described right eye makes by the direction deflection towards user's right eye of the light beam of described scanner section scanning with deflector;

Described left eye has deflection characteristic with deflector, this deflection characteristic makes beam deflection, so that it is littler than the light beam that is scanned described right side deflection area to the incident angle of pupil to be scanned the light beam of described left side deflection area, and make the light beam be scanned described left side deflection area bigger than the light beam that is scanned described right side deflection area to the distance of the incoming position of pupil and pupil center;

Described right eye has deflection characteristic with deflector, this deflection characteristic makes beam deflection, so that it is littler than the light beam that is scanned described left side deflection area to the incident angle of pupil to be scanned the light beam of described right side deflection area, and make the light beam be scanned described right side deflection area bigger than the light beam that is scanned described left side deflection area to the distance of the incoming position of pupil and pupil center.

4. display device as claimed in claim 3,

Described deflector has deflection characteristic, this deflection characteristic makes beam deflection, so that be scanned the zone of the light beam of the upside deflection area above the dummy line by the top of the pupil center of user's pupil, and make the zone of light beam by the below of the pupil center of user's pupil of the downside deflection area be scanned described dummy line below, described dummy line is passed through pupil center, and vertical with described deflector.

5. display device as claimed in claim 4,

Described deflector is a hologram, comes deflected beam by diffraction.

Images