DE102013208371B4 - RESERVABLE DEVICES - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (10) for cyclically actuating a component (12) between a first state (14) and a second state (16), the device (10) comprising: an element (28) formed of a shape memory alloy and in a first state Direction (36) contractible, the shape memory alloy being transferable in response to a source of thermal energy (34) between a crystallographic martensite phase and a crystallographic austenite phase; and a reset device (20) connected to and driven by the element (28), the return device (20) comprising: a connector (50) in communication with the component (12) and in a second one Direction (52), which is opposite to the first direction (36), is displaceable, and a disc (58) which is rotatable about an axis of rotation (56) and is in functional connection with the connecting element (50); wherein the return device (20) is actuated by the element (28) from an initial state (22) in which the shape memory alloy has the crystallographic martensite phase and the component (12) is in the first state (14) to an actuated state (24). in which the shape memory alloy has the crystallographic austenite phase and the component (12) is in the second state (16); wherein the return device (20) is recoverable from the actuated state (24) to a reset state (26) in which the shape memory alloy transitions from the austenite crystallographic phase to the martensite crystallographic phase while the component (12) is in the first state (14). is; the reset device (20) being further retractable from the reset state (26) to the initial state (22); and wherein the element (28) contracts in the first direction (36) as the shape memory alloy transitions from the crystallographic martensite phase to the austenitic crystallographic phase, thereby rotating the disk (58) about the axis of rotation (56) and the connector (50). in the second direction (52) to move the component (12) to the second state (16).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to provisional Indian Patent Application No. 548 / COL / 2012, filed on May 15, 2012.

TECHNICAL AREA

The present disclosure generally relates to means for cyclically actuating a component between a first state and a second state.

BACKGROUND

Shape memory alloys can exhibit a shape memory effect, and they can rapidly alter stiffness, rate of suspension, and / or dimensional stability. In general, shape memory alloys undergo a crystallographic phase change in the solid state by means of molecular or crystalline rearrangement to switch between a crystallographic martensite phase and a crystallographic austenite phase. In general, the crystallographic martensite phase is a relatively lower temperature phase and is often more ductile than the austenite crystallographic phase at a comparatively higher temperature. Therefore, devices having such shape memory alloys are often used as actuators.

In the US 4 524 343 A a device is described in which a piston is adjustable by means of a shape memory alloy element from a first state to a second state, as soon as the shape memory alloy passes into an austenite phase and the element contracts. Once the piston reaches the second state, a separation of the connection between the piston and the shape memory alloy element is provided to return the piston by means of a return spring directly in the first state. The shape memory alloy element then returns to a martensite phase by cooling and then expands.

The US 2002/0189 612 A1 describes a device in which an actuating lever can be locked by two shape memory alloy elements in two different states.

An object of the invention is to provide a device for cyclically actuating a component between two states, which allows a quick reset of the component and flexible in terms of the available installation space.

SUMMARY

This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

The means for cyclically actuating a component between a first state and a second state comprises an element formed of a shape memory alloy and a reset device connected to and driven by the element. The shape memory alloy is transferable between a crystallographic martensite phase and a crystallographic austenite phase in response to a source of thermal energy. The reset device is operable by the element from an initial state in which the shape memory alloy has the crystallographic martensite phase and the component is in the first state to an actuated state in which the shape memory alloy has the austenite crystallographic phase and the component is in the second state located. In addition, the reset device is recoverable from the actuated state to a reset state in which the shape memory alloy transitions from the austenitic crystallographic phase to the crystallographic martensite phase while the component is in the first state. The reset device is also reset from the reset state to the initial state.

According to the invention, the element can be contracted in a first direction. Further, the return device comprises a connecting element which is displaceable in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, thereby to further adjust the component in the second state. The return device also has a disc which is rotatable about an axis of rotation and operatively connected to the connecting element.

In another unclaimed embodiment, the return device comprises a driver component having a first end coupled to the element and a second end spaced from the first end. Furthermore, the reset device has a follower component that is releasably coupled to the driver component. The follower component has a proximal end and a distal end spaced from the proximal end.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic representation of a device containing an element that consists of a Shape memory alloy is formed, and having a return device, which is actuated by the element from an initial state to an actuated state;

2 is a schematic, fragmentary perspective view of a portion of a glove box for a vehicle, wherein the glove box is an embodiment of the device of 1 and a component that is cyclically operable between a first state and a second state;

3 is a schematic representation of the device of 1 when the reset device is operated from an initial state to an actuated state, is reset from the actuated state to the reset state and is further reset from the reset state to the initial state;

4 is a schematic representation of a plan view of a first embodiment of the device of 1 ;

5A is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a first position of the device of 4 ;

5B is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a second position of the device of 4 ;

5C is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a third position of the device of 4 ;

5D is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a fourth position of the device of 4 ;

5E is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a fifth position of the device of 4 ;

5F is a schematic, fragmentary representation of a sixth position of the device of 4 ;

6 is a schematic representation of a plan view of a second embodiment of the device of 1 ;

7A is a schematic representation of a plan view of a third embodiment of the device of 1 wherein the device has a first segment and a second segment and the return device is in the initial state;

7B is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the first segment is heated and the return device is in the actuated state;

7C is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the first segment is heated and the reset device is in the reset state;

7D is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the first segment is cooled and the reset device is in the initial state;

7E is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the second segment is heated and the return device is in the actuated state;

7F is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the second segment is heated and the return device is in the reset state; and

7G is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 7A wherein the second segment is cooled and the reset device is in the initial state;

8A is a schematic representation of a plan view of a fourth, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 with the return device in the initial state;

8B is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 8A with the return device in the actuated state;

8C is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 8A before the reset device is in the reset state;

9A is a schematic representation of a plan view of a fifth, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 with the return device in the initial state;

9B is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 9A with the return device in the actuated state;

9C is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 9A before getting up the return device is in the reset state;

10A is a schematic representation of a plan view of a sixth, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 with the return device in the initial state;

10B is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 10A with the return device in the actuated state;

10C is a schematic representation of a plan view of the device of 10A before the reset device is in the reset state;

11 is a schematic representation of a side view of a seventh, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 wherein the device comprises at least one electromagnet;

12 is a schematic representation of a side view of an eighth, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 ; and

13 is a schematic, exploded perspective view of a cutaway side view of a ninth, not claimed embodiment of the device of 1 ,

EXPLICIT DESCRIPTION

With reference to the figures, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements, one means 10 for a cyclic actuation of a component 12 ( 2 ) between a first state 14 ( 2 ) and a second state 16 ( 2 ) in general 1 shown. The device 10 may be useful for applications that require operability and recoverability over a short cycle time, ie, fast operability and recoverability. For example, the device 10 as it is best in 2 shown for cyclical actuation, ie the actuation and resetting, of motor vehicle locking applications, such as in glove compartment locks (generally in US 5,478,255) 18 shown), tailgate locks, trunk lid locks, radiator cowl locks, and the like, without being limited thereto. The device 10 however, it may also be useful for non-locking operations, such as for a valve actuation, and / or for non-automotive applications involving aerospace, residential, and marine applications.

Referring again to 1 includes the device 10 Although set forth in more detail below, a reset device 20 during the aforementioned cyclic actuation of the component 12 ( 2 ) is operable and can be reset. Therefore, the device can 10 as it is referring to 3 may be useful for applications that have operability from an initial state 22 in an actuated state 24 require. Furthermore, the device 10 be usable for applications that have a recoverability from the actuated state 24 in a reset state 26 and from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 require to the component 12 between the first state 14 ( 2 ) and the second state 16 ( 2 ) cyclically.

For example, the first state 14 as it is best with reference to 1 is shown, to a locked state of the component 12 relate, and he can the initial state 22 the return device 20 correspond. Conversely, the second state 16 to an unlocked state of the component 12 and he can the pressed state 24 the return device 20 correspond. Alternatively or additionally, the first state may be 14 to a closed state of the component 12 refer, and the second state 16 can refer to an open state.

With further reference to 1 can the actuated state 24 the return device 20 to an unlocked and / or open state of the component 12 Respectively. Furthermore, the reset state 26 the return device 20 as set forth in more detail below, to a locked and / or closed state of the component 12 refer to one or more sections of the device 10 are in a recovery mode, so the reset device 20 not yet for activation or actuation from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 ready. With further reference to 1 can the initial state 22 the return device 20 in contrast, to a locked and / or closed state of the component 12 refer to one or more sections of the device 10 or the return device 20 again for activation or actuation from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 are prepared as explained in greater detail below. Thus, the reset device 20 for a reset from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 and from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 be formed to thereby the component 12 cyclically between the first state 14 and the second state 16 to as will also be set forth in further detail below.

With further reference to 1 and 2 can the decor 10 furthermore passive or active from the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) and from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 ( 3 ) are reset. As used herein, the terminology "passively deferred" refers to embodiments that are reset without an electronically-actuated or electronically-controlled component such that the reset device 20 automatically from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 and from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 is reset. Furthermore, "passive reset" can be applied to position-based devices (generally in US Pat 10 . 110 in 4 respectively. 6 shown) and / or on force-based devices (generally in 310 . 710 . 810 in 8A - 8C . 12 respectively. 13 shown). In contrast, the terminology "actively deferred" refers to embodiments that are repositionable by one or more electronically-actuated or electronically-controlled components such that the reset device 20 is operated or controlled and not automatically from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 and from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 is reset.

Referring again to 1 instructs the institution 10 an element 28 formed of a shape memory alloy in response to a source of thermal energy 34 from a crystallographic martensite phase (in 1 generally included 30 shown) in a crystallographic austenite phase (in 1 generally included 32 represented) can be transferred.

As used herein, the terminology "shape memory alloy" refers to alloys that exhibit a shape memory effect and that have the ability to rapidly change the stiffness, rate of suspension, and / or dimensional stability. That is, the shape memory alloy can undergo a crystallographic phase change in the solid state by molecular or crystalline rearrangement to move between the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), ie the "martensite", and the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ), ie the "austenite". In other words, the shape memory alloy may undergo a displacement transformation instead of a diffusion transformation to intervene between the crystallographic martensite phase 30 and the crystallographic austenite phase 32 switch. Displacement transformation is defined as a structural change that occurs through the coordinated motion of atoms or groups of atoms relative to neighboring atoms or groups of atoms. In general, the crystallographic martensite phase refers 30 the phase at a comparatively lower temperature, and is often more deformable than the crystallographic austenite phase 32 at a comparatively higher temperature.

The temperature at which the shape memory alloy begins, from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) is known as the martensite start temperature M _s . The temperature at which the shape memory alloy changes from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 is known as the martensite final temperature M _f or martensite transformation temperature T _trans . When the shape memory alloy is heated, the temperature at which the shape memory alloy begins is from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 in a similar manner known as the austenite start temperature A _s . The temperature at which the shape memory alloy completes the transition from the crystallographic martensite phase to the austenite crystallographic phase is known as the austenite end temperature A _f or austenite transition temperature T _trans .

Therefore, the element 28 ( 1 ) formed of the shape memory alloy can be characterized by a cold state, that is, when a temperature of the shape memory alloy is below the martensite finish temperature M _f or martensite transformation temperature T _{trans of} the shape memory alloy. Similarly, the element 28 also be characterized by a hot state, ie, when the temperature of the shape memory alloy above the austenite end temperature A _f or austenite transition temperature T _{trans of} the shape memory alloy is. Thus, the element 28 in response to the source of thermal energy 34 ( 1 ), that is, it may expand in dimension as it is cooled, and it may contract in dimension as it heats up.

In operation, the shape memory alloy, which is pre-stretched or subjected to tensile stress, can be dimensioned upon a change in the crystallographic phase 30 . 32 to change ( 1 ), thereby converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. That means that the element 28 ( 1 ) formed of the shape memory alloy, the dimension of a change in the crystallographic phase 30 . 32 changes when it's the source of thermal energy 34 is suspended ( 1 ), thereby thermal energy in to convert mechanical energy, as set forth in more detail below.

In particular, a change in the crystallographic phase may be due to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) contract the shape memory alloy in response to an increase in the temperature of the shape memory alloy with respect to the dimension. For example, the element may 28 contract and / or shorten when the shape memory alloy is from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes. That means that the element 28 as it is best in 4 is shown to be contractible in a first direction (generally indicated by the arrow 36 is shown).

More particularly, the shape memory alloy may contract in dimension when the shape memory alloy has been pre-stretched pseudoplastic. The terminology "pseudoplastic pre-stretched" refers to the element 28 ( 1 ) is stretched under a load, for. B. is stretched while the shape memory alloy in the crystallographic martensite phase 30 located ( 1 ). The shape of the shape memory alloy under load can not be fully restored when the element 28 is relieved. In contrast, a shape of the element 28 be fully restored when stretched under a purely elastic stretch. Relieving the element shows 28 formed of the shape memory alloy such that it has been plastically deformed but when the element 28 is heated to the austenite start temperature A _s , the stretched shape can be restored so that the element 28 returns to the original length. That is, it is possible to load the shape memory alloy such that a limit to the elastic strain of the shape memory alloy is exceeded and deformation in the crystallographic martensite structure of the shape memory alloy takes place before a true limit to the plastic strain of the shape memory alloy is exceeded. An elongation of this type between the limit for the elastic elongation and the true limit for the plastic strain is a pseudoplastic strain.

Thus, the element 28 ( 1 ) formed of the shape memory alloy prior to installation in the device 10 ( 1 ) such that the nominal length of the shape memory alloy has recoverable pseudoplastic strain. Such a recoverable pseudoplastic stretch may include a movement to actuate and / or drive the device 10 deliver. Therefore, without pre-strain of the shape memory alloy, small deformation may occur during the crystallographic phase change. Furthermore, the element 28 be subjected to a tensile force, which by a biasing mechanism, for. B. by a spring, or by a strained austenite portion of the shape memory alloy to effect the crystallographic phase change.

Conversely, the change of the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) expand the shape memory alloy in response to cooling of the shape memory alloy with respect to the dimension. Therefore, the element can 28 ( 1 ) when the shape memory alloy is from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. For example, the element 28 soften, relax and / or get longer. That is, the shape memory alloy can expand in dimension when the shape memory alloy is subjected to a tensile stress and a comparatively cooler temperature. The shape memory alloy can thereby convert thermal energy into mechanical energy by alternately expanding and contracting. That is, the shape memory alloy can contract alternately in response to an increase in temperature with respect to the dimension and can expand in response to a decrease in temperature with respect to the dimension to thereby convert thermal energy into mechanical energy.

The shape memory alloy may have any suitable composition. In particular, the shape memory alloy may in combination comprise an element selected from the group of cobalt, nickel, titanium, indium, manganese, iron, palladium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, cadmium, tin, silicon, patin and gallium. Suitable shape memory alloy materials include, for example, nickel-titanium based alloys, nickel-aluminum based alloys, nickel gallium based alloys, indium titanium based alloys, indium cadmium based alloys, nickel cobalt aluminum based alloys, nickel Manganese-gallium based alloys, copper based alloys (eg copper-zinc alloys, copper-aluminum alloys, copper-gold alloys and copper-tin alloys), gold cadmium based alloys, on silver cadmium based alloys, manganese-copper based alloys, iron-platinum based alloys, iron-palladium based alloys, and combinations of one or more of each of these combinations. The shape memory alloy can be binary, ternary or be of any higher order as long as the shape memory alloy exhibits a shape memory effect, e.g. As a change in the shape orientation, the damping capacity and the like. The shape memory alloy may be in accordance with desired operating temperatures of the device 10 ( 1 ), as set forth in more detail below. As a specific example, the shape memory alloy may include nickel and titanium.

Furthermore, the element 28 ( 1 ) formed of the shape memory alloy may have any suitable shape, ie shape. For example, the element 28 have a shape of a shape change element. That means that the element 28 may have a shape selected from the group of springs, strips, wires, tapes, continuous loops, and combinations thereof. As it is best in 4 can be seen, the element can 28 be formed as a wire in a non-limiting embodiment.

With further reference to 1 For example, the shape memory alloy may over a first period of time 38 from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 be transferable. The first period 38 may range from about 0.25 seconds to about 3 seconds, for example, about 1 second. For example, heat (commonly referred to as the source of thermal energy 34 in 1 is shown) on the element 28 can be applied, and the shape memory alloy can from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 pass. Thus, the element can 28 contract and / or stiffen. Therefore, the element 28 a first state, a first property, and / or a first shape when the shape memory alloy is the crystallographic martensite phase 30 and may have a second state, a second property, and / or a second shape when the shape memory alloy is the austenite crystallographic phase 32 having. For example, when the shape memory alloy is interposed between the crystallographic martensite phase, the shape memory alloy can alter the stiffness, density, shape, tensile strength, length, width, thickness, rate of suspension, and combinations thereof 30 and the crystallographic austenite phase 32 replaced.

As it is best in 8A and 8B shown is the element 28 in an unclaimed example of a first length 40 ( 8A ) to a second length 42 ( 8B ) shorter than the first length 40 is. That means that the element 28 the first length 40 when the shape memory alloy is the crystallographic martensite phase 30 and the second length 42 ( 8B ) when the shape memory alloy is the austenite crystallographic phase 32 having.

With further reference to 1 For example, though not scaled, the shape memory alloy may be over a second period of time 44 that last longer than the first time period 38 is from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 be transferable. The second time period 44 may range from about 3.5 seconds to about 15 seconds, for example 5 seconds. Therefore, the element 28 faster from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 pass over as the element 28 from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. In other words, the element can 28 contract faster and / or stiffen faster than the element 28 expands and / or relaxes. A ratio of the first period of time 38 to the second time period 44 may range from about 1: 2 to about 1:20 and may be about 1:10, for example.

Referring again to 1 For example, the heat 34 from the element 28 be removed, ie the element 28 can be cooled, and the shape memory alloy can over the second period of time 44 from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 pass. Thus, the element can 28 over the second period of time 44 stretch and / or relax. Therefore, the element 28 from the second length 42 ( 8B ) to the first length 40 ( 8A ).

Referring again to 1 instructs the institution 10 also a reset device 20 on that with the element 28 is connected and driven by this. The reset device 20 can, for example, directly or indirectly with the element 28 coupled or attached to, as set forth in more detail below. In general, the reset device 20 be trained to the component 12 again from the second state 16 in the first state 14 to adjust so that one or more sections of the device 10 Restore and / or change properties to get back to operation of the facility 10 to be ready.

As it is referring to 1 is described, is the return device 20 more specifically by the element 28 from the initial state 22 in which the shape memory alloy is the crystallographic martensite phase 30 has and the component 12 in the first state 14 is in the actuated state 24 in which the shape memory alloy is the crystallographic austenite phase 32 has and the component 12 in the second state 16 located. When the reset device 20 for example, in the initial state 22 is, ie, ready for actuation, and when the component 12 in the first state 14 is and is locked and / or closed, for example, the shape memory alloy over the first period of time 38 from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 go over to the reset device 20 in the actuated state 24 in which the shape memory alloy is the comparatively less deformable austenite crystallographic phase 32 and the component 12 in the second state 16 located. In a non-limiting example, the element 28 be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 goes over, thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to press. Therefore, the return device 20 through the element 28 driven, and the device 10 For example, it may unlock a latch (not shown) and / or open a valve (not shown).

With further reference to 1 is the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 resettable, in which the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes over while the component 12 in the first state 14 located. As set forth in more detail below, this means that the reset state 26 may allow the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes over while the component 12 not in the second state 16 is not open or unlocked, for example.

Referring again to 1 can the reset state 26 therefore the first state 14 correspond, in which the component 12 is locked or closed and the shape memory alloy is not yet of the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 has passed. The source of thermal energy 34 can in the reset state 26 the return device 20 from the element 28 to be removed, the item 28 however, may still be contracted and / or shortened and not yet available to the reset device 20 again in the actuated state 24 to operate and unlock them, for example, or open. Therefore, the shape memory alloy can continue into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 go over and thereby, for example, to the first length 40 ( 8A ) and extend when the reset device 20 in the reset state 26 located.

With reference to 1 can the element 28 be extended when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes when the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 is reset. Thus, the component 12 re-locked or closed, ie it can be from the second state 16 back to the first state 14 be adjusted while the shape memory alloy continues in the relatively better deformable crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the reset device 20 allow the shape memory alloy to form the crystallographic martensite phase 30 even then restores while the component 12 locked and / or closed, ie, when they are in the first state 14 located.

With further reference to 1 is the reset device 20 over a third period of time (generally included in 46 shown), which is shorter than the second time period 44 is, from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 resettable. That is, the reset device 20 faster than the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 can be reset as the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. For non-limiting latch applications, the reset state 26 a closed or locked configuration of the component 12 represent. Therefore, the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 ie an open or unlocked design of the component 12 , in the reset state 26 be reset, ie in a closed or locked training of the component 12 before the shape memory alloy completely from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. Thus, the return device can 20 in the reset state 26 to enable the component 12 is locked or closed again when the shape memory alloy cools and when the element 28 expands, deforms, relaxes and / or shortens. The third time period 46 may range from about 0.25 seconds to about 2 seconds, for example, about 1 second. That is, the third time period 46 approximately equal to the first time period 38 can be. Although this in 1 not shown scaled, the reset device 20 therefore just as fast in the actuated state 24 be operated as the return device 20 in the reset state 26 is reset. In other words, the component 12 although the shape memory alloy is not yet fully interlocked with the crystallographic martensite phase 30 has passed.

With reference to 1 can the reset device 20 furthermore, not from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 be operable when the reset device 20 in the reset state 26 located. Instead, the shape memory alloy can continue into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 pass over before the reset device 20 again in the actuated state 24 is operable and / or the component 12 again cyclically in the second state 16 is adjustable. In other words, the device 10 the component 12 not again in the second state 16 adjust while the reset device 20 in the reset state 26 located.

With further reference to 1 is the reset device 20 also from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 resettable. More specifically, the reset device 20 also over a fourth period of time (which is generally at 48 which is equal to a difference between the second time period 44 and the third time period 46 is, from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 be defensible. That is, the fourth time period 48 a recovery interval for the reset device 20 and that it can represent a period of time necessary for the shape memory alloy to transition from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 completes, so the element 28 to the first length 40 ( 8A ) returns. Depending on the length of the second and third time periods 44 . 46 can be the fourth time period 48 from about 3.25 seconds to about 12 seconds, for example, about 4 seconds.

Now up 4 . 6 and 7A - 7G Referring to, the device may 10 . 110 . 210 in one embodiment, rotate around the component 12 cyclically between the first state 14 ( 2 ) and the second state 16 ( 2 ). In this embodiment, the return device comprises 20 a connecting element 50 in a second direction (by the arrow 52 shown), which is the first direction 36 is opposite, thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. The connecting element 50 For example, on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. to a spring, be attached, which may be formed to communicate with the component 12 to be engaged. Thus, the connecting element 50 the first elastic element 54 compress to the component 12 to unlock and / or open, as set forth in more detail below.

With further reference to 4 . 6 and 7A - 7G has the reset device 20 in this embodiment also a disc 58 on, around a rotation axis (generally with 56 designated) rotatable and functional with the connecting element 50 connected is. The element 28 For example, as detailed below, it may be attached to the disk 58 be attached, and it may be in the first direction 36 be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) passes to thereby the disc 58 around the axis of rotation 56 to turn. That means that the first direction 36 substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 56 can run.

More specifically, the device 10 in a first embodiment, with reference to 4 - 5F described, have a position-based training, and it can be reset passively. In this embodiment, the device 10 comprise a lever mechanism with cam carrier.

With reference to 4 can the decor 10 a cam carrier 60 having, with the connecting element 50 is connected and a groove 62 defined therein. In particular, the cam carrier 60 a horizontal wall 64 , a vertical wall 66 and a curvilinear wall 68 which have the vertical wall 66 and the horizontal wall 64 combines. The horizontal wall 64 can be a horizontal section 70 the groove 62 define the vertical wall 66 can be a vertical section 72 the groove 62 define, and the curvilinear wall 68 can be a curvilinear section 74 the groove 62 define. Thus, the groove can 62 have a D-shape.

With further reference to 4 can the curve wearer 60 be trained to be linear in the first direction 36 and in the second direction 52 to be moved. In addition, the cam carrier 60 a blocking flap 76 which are around an axis 78 swiveling and trained to the groove 62 alternately to block and release. The axis 78 can be essentially parallel to the axis of rotation 56 run. Furthermore, the cam carrier 60 with the connecting element 50 coupled, in turn, with the first elastic element 54 can be coupled. As stated above, the first elastic element 54 be trained to move on to the component (which is generally through 12 is shown) to act. The component 12 For example, it may be a lock or a portion of a valve, and the first elastic member 54 may be formed to the component 12 to unlock or open.

Referring again to 4 can the decor 10 in this embodiment also an arm 80 which is different from the disc 58 extends and a distal end 82 having, wherein the arm 80 a pen 84 that is from the distal end 82 protrudes and is trained to be in the groove 62 to be moved. The pencil 84 can from the disc 58 be spaced apart, and it can be fitted in the groove, for example, in the groove 62 is positionable. Furthermore, the device 10 a second elastic element 86 have, for example, a clock spring, which is adjacent to the disc 58 along the axis of rotation 56 is arranged. The second elastic element 86 can the disc 58 and the arm 80 pretension in an initial position.

With reference to 4 - 5F can the decor 10 in addition the element 28 show that with the disc 58 is coupled. Furthermore, the element 28 on an immovable object or a stationary section (generally by 88 shown) of the device 10 , z. As a wall, be firmly attached. In operation, the shape memory alloy can be used when the element 28 is heated up over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ), so that the element 28 in the first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can the disc 58 and the arm 80 rotate, for example, in a first direction of rotation 90 or clockwise so the pen 84 against the blocking flap 76 and the vertical wall 66 the cam carrier 60 suppressed. If the pen 84 against the blocking flap 76 and the vertical wall 66 presses, the cam carrier 60 and the connecting element 50 linear in the second direction 52 be moved, and they can be the first elastic element 54 compress. When the first elastic element 54 is compressed, the return device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 5A ) in the actuated state 24 ( 5B ). That means that the cam carrier 60 and the connecting element 50 in the second direction 52 be moved when the pin 84 on the vertical wall 66 is applied to thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to operate and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 ( 1 ) to adjust.

Now up 5b Referring to, the pen can 84 then, when the element 28 ( 4 ) continues to contract and / or shorten along the vertical wall 66 the cam carrier 60 move. If the pen 84 the horizontal wall 64 the cam carrier 60 reached, the pen can 84 still in the groove 62 move, and the first elastic element 54 ( 4 ), which is in a compressed state, may be so on the cam carrier 60 work that the curve wearer 60 fast in the first direction 36 ( 4 ) shifts to thereby the reset device 20 ( 4 ) over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 5B ) in the reset state 26 ( 5C ) reset. That means that the cam carrier 60 and the connecting element 50 in the first direction 36 can be moved when the pin 84 on the horizontal wall 64 is applied to thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset and thereby the component 12 ( 1 ) back to the first state 14 ( 1 ) to adjust. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Now up 4 Referring to FIG. 2, the second elastic element 86 and the expanding element 28 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) goes over, the disc 58 continue to turn, for example in a second direction 92 or counterclockwise, so the pin 84 in the groove 62 along the curvilinear wall 68 the cam carrier 60 can be moved. How best in 5D and 5E Shown is the blocking flap 76 then, if the pen 84 the blocking flap 76 touches the axis 78 Pivot to the groove 62 release and thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 ( 5C ) in the initial state 22 ( 5A and 5F ) reset. That means that the cam carrier 60 and the connecting element 50 in the first direction 36 can be moved when the pin 84 on the curvilinear wall 68 is applied, and thereby the reset device 20 from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 reset. Thus, the device 10 then be ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle.

Now up 6 Referring to, the device may 110 in a second embodiment have a position-based training, and it can be reset passively. At this Embodiment, the device 110 include a pawl lock gear mechanism with cam carrier.

Referring again to 6 can the disc 58 in this embodiment, a plurality of projections 94 have, extending from this. Furthermore, the cam carrier 60 be ring-shaped, he can with the disc 58 be coupled and he can turn the axis of rotation 56 be rotatable, for example in the first direction of rotation 90 , That means that the cam carrier 60 along the axis of rotation 56 concentric with the disc 58 can be.

With further reference to 6 can the curve wearer 60 in addition several horizontal walls 64 that have several horizontal sections 70 the groove 62 define, and several vertical walls 66 include several vertical sections 72 the groove 62 define. Furthermore, the plurality of vertical sections 72 and the several horizontal sections 70 several peaks 96 and multiple vertices 98 between them, defining each of the multiple vertices 98 between two of the multiple peaks 96 is arranged. That means the groove 62 may have a serrated or L-shaped pattern in which the plurality of vertices 98 opposite to the several peaks 96 are spaced as it is generally in 6 is shown.

Referring again to 6 can the curve wearer 60 Furthermore, a driving pawl 100 exhibit that with the element 28 coupled and formed about each of the plurality of protrusions 94 to touch one after the other, thereby the disc 58 and the cam carrier 60 in the second direction of rotation 92 , z. B. counterclockwise to rotate. The driving pawl 100 can have a distal end 82 and a proximal end 102 exhibit. The distal end 82 can with the element 28 be coupled, and the proximal end 102 can with a first elastic element 54 coupled, z. B. with a spring, which on an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 110 is attached. In general, the driving pawl 100 be configured to engage with each of the several protrusions 94 to engage when the curve wearer 60 and the disc 58 around the axis of rotation 56 rotate.

Referring again to 6 can the decor 110 in this embodiment, a connecting arm 80 with a distal end 82 have, wherein the connecting arm 80 pivotable with the connecting element 50 connected is. That means that the connecting arm 80 such pivotable with the connecting element 50 connected is that the connecting arm 80 around an axis 78 is rotatable, which is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 56 runs. The device 110 can also be a second elastic element 86 have, for example, a clockspring, which along the axis 78 is arranged and adapted to the connecting arm 80 and the connecting element 50 pretension. Furthermore, the connecting arm 80 a pen 84 which extends from the distal end 82 extends and is trained to be in the groove 62 to be moved. That means the pen 84 with the groove 62 can be engaged and away from the connecting arm 80 can extend. As it is in 6 is shown, the connecting element 50 further with a third elastic element 104 be coupled, for example with a spring, and the third elastic element 104 can be trained to access the component 12 to act.

With further reference to 6 can the element 28 on an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 110 ( 2 ), z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached. Thus, the shape memory alloy can be in operation when the element 28 is heated up over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) pass over that element 28 in a first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can the driving pawl 100 linear in the first direction 36 move and the first elastic element 54 extend, which in turn with at least one of the several projections 94 engages to thereby the cam carrier 60 and the disc 58 to turn, for example in the second direction of rotation 92 , That means that the element 28 in the first direction 36 can be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to thereby the disc 58 and the cam carrier 60 in the first direction of rotation 90 around the axis of rotation 56 to turn.

With reference to 6 can such a rotation of the disc 58 and the cam follower 60 the connecting arm 80 around the axis 78 swivel and the pen 84 from a corresponding one of the multiple vertices 98 release, leaving the pen 84 along a corresponding one of the plurality of horizontal walls 64 to a corresponding one of the multiple peaks 96 is moved. If the pen 84 subsequent to a corresponding one of the plurality of vertical walls 66 is present and the connecting arm 80 continue in the first direction 36 is moved, the connecting arm 80 again in the second direction 52 against the connecting element 50 to press. At the same time that can sliding connecting element 50 the first elastic element 54 compress.

Referring again to 6 can the reset device 20 then when the first elastic element 54 is compressed from the initial state 22 ( 3 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 3 ). The connecting element 50 For example, in the second direction 52 be moved when the pen 84 at a corresponding one of the multiple vertices 98 to thereby reset the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to operate and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 , the rotation of the cam carrier 60 and the disc 58 and the displacement of the connecting arm 80 and the connecting element 50 the first elastic element 54 compress and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

Referring again to 6 can the pen 84 then, when the element 28 continues to contract and / or shorten along the corresponding one of the plurality of vertical walls 66 the cam carrier 60 in the groove 62 move. If the pen 84 the vertical wall 66 reached, the pen can 84 still in the groove 62 move, and the first elastic element 54 , which is in a compressed state, can so on the connecting element 50 act on that the connecting element 50 fast in the first direction 36 is moved. Thus, the connecting arm 80 and the pen 84 along the vertical wall 66 slide until the pin 84 again in the next, subsequent vertex 98 along the circumference of the cam carrier 60 rests to thereby reset the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) reset. That means that the connecting element 50 in the first direction 36 can be moved when the pen 84 from the corresponding one of the multiple vertices 98 detached, on the horizontal wall 64 is present and in a corresponding one of the several peaks 96 sits to thereby reset the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset and thereby the component 12 back to the first state 14 to adjust. Thus, the first elastic element 54 the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

With further reference to 6 can be the first elastic element 54 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) passes, the driving pawl 100 and the element 28 in the second direction 52 pull, and it can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 ( 3 ) in the initial state 22 ( 3 ) reset. That means the pen 84 along a corresponding one of the plurality of vertical walls 66 can be moved to thereby the reset device 20 from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 reset. Thus, the device 10 ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle.

Now up 7A - 7G Referring to, the device may 210 in a third embodiment, have a control-based design and can be actively reset. In this embodiment, the device 210 also a cam 106 which is formed to the connecting element 50 to touch, thereby affecting the component 12 cyclically in the second state 16 ( 2 ) to adjust. The cam 106 can be around the rotation axis 56 be rotatable, and he can have a proximal end 102 and a distal end 82 have, opposite to the proximal end 102 and is spaced therefrom. The cam 106 can at the disc 58 fixed or formed from this, it can be concentric with the disc 58 be arranged, and he can get over the circumference of the disc 58 extend beyond. In addition, the device can 210 also a compression spring 108 have about the center line, which is formed to the cam 106 based on the disc 58 pretension. Furthermore, the device 210 also one or more stops 112 spaced apart along the circumference of the disc 58 are arranged.

As it is in 7A - 7G is shown comprises the return device 20 the connecting element 50 that with a first elastic element 54 , z. B. with a spring can be coupled. The first elastic element 54 may be adapted to the component (which is generally by 12 is shown) to act.

As it is generally in 7A - 7G shown is the element 28 additionally a first segment 114 and a second segment 116 each having the distal end 82 of the cam 106 connected and formed from the shape memory alloy. When heating and cooling the first and second segments 114 . 116 can the disc 58 and the cam 106 in operation around the axis of rotation 56 so pivot that the cam 106 the connecting element 50 touched and causes the connecting element 50 linear in the direction of the first elastic element 54 is moved and this compressed.

With reference to 7A and 7B can heat during operation 34 ( 1 ) the first segment 114 according to a control signal or control scheme (not shown). If the first segment 114 is heated, the shape memory alloy over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) ignore that the first segment 114 contract, z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the first segment 114 can the cam 106 in a first direction of rotation 90 pull, z. B. clockwise about the axis of rotation 56 so the cam 106 the connecting element 50 touched.

With reference to 7B can the connecting element 50 then when the cam 106 the connecting element 50 touched, linearly shifted and the first elastic element 54 compress, and it can be the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 7A ) in the actuated state 24 ( 7B ) actuate. That means that the first segment 114 can be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to thereby the disc 58 and the cam 106 around the axis of rotation 56 in the first direction of rotation 90 to turn. The cam 106 can the connecting element 50 so touch that the connecting element 50 from the disk 58 is moved away, thereby the return device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to operate and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the displacement of the cam 106 and the connecting element 50 the first elastic element 54 can shorten and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

Now up 7C Referring to FIG 106 then when the first segment 114 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens, for example, in the first direction of rotation 90 rotate and allow the fastener 50 from the component 12 is linearly displaced to thereby the first elastic element 54 to extend, eliminating the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 is reset. That means that the connecting element 50 in the direction of the disc 58 can be moved to thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset and thereby the component 12 back to the first state 14 to adjust. Therefore, the shape memory alloy can continue to be in the crystallographic martensite phase 30 go over and thereby, for example, the first segment 114 expand and extend when the reset device 20 in the reset state 26 located. In other words, the first elastic element 54 the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Now up 7D Referring to FIG 106 then, if the first segment 114 is cooled and the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes ( 1 ), at one of the stops 112 abut when the first segment 114 it will continue to expand and / or extend, and it will allow the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 Reset. That means that the device 210 subsequently ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle.

As with reference to 7D - 7F can be described in continuous operation next to a second segment 116 ( 7E ) according to a control signal or control scheme (not shown) heat 34 ( 1 ). If the second segment 116 is heated, the shape memory alloy over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) ignore that the second segment 116 contract, z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the second segment 116 can the cam 106 in a second direction of rotation 92 pull, for example, counterclockwise around the axis of rotation 56 , the first direction of rotation 90 is opposite, so the cam 106 the connecting element 50 touched. That means that the second segment 116 can be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to thereby the disc 58 and the cam 106 in the second direction of rotation 92 around the axis of rotation 56 to turn.

With reference to 7E can the connecting element 50 then when the cam 106 the connecting element 50 touched, linearly displaced and the second elastic element 86 compress and the return device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 7D ) in the actuated Status 24 ( 7D ) in the actuated state 24 ( 7E ) actuate. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the displacement of the cam 106 and the connecting element 50 the first elastic element 54 can shorten and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

Now up 7F Referring to FIG 106 then when the second segment 116 continue in the second direction 52 contracts and / or shortens, continues in the second direction of rotation 92 rotate and allow the fastener 50 from the component 12 is linearly displaced to thereby the first elastic element 54 to extend, eliminating the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 is reset. Therefore, the shape memory alloy can continue into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 go over and thereby, for example, the second segment 116 expand and extend when the reset device 20 in the reset state 26 located. In other words, the first elastic element 54 the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

With reference to 7G can the cam 106 then if the second segment 116 is cooled and the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), at one of the stops 112 abut when the second segment 116 it will continue to expand and / or extend, and it will allow the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 Reset. When the reset device 20 in the initial state 22 has the shape memory alloy of the second segment 116 the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), and then it can be ready in an application of heat 34 ( 1 ) on the first segment 114 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ). That means that the device 210 subsequently ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle.

Now up 8A - 13 Referring to, the device may 310 . 410 . 510 . 610 . 710 . 810 in other, unclaimed embodiments are linearly displaced to the component 12 between the first state 14 ( 2 ) and the second state 16 ( 2 ) cyclically. As set forth in more detail below, the reset device comprises 20 Further, in these embodiments, a driver component 118 with a first end, that with the element 28 coupled, and a second end 122 that from the first end 120 is spaced. In addition, the reset device 20 a successor component 124 on that with the driver component 118 releasably coupled and a proximal end 102 and a distal end 82 that is from the proximal end 102 is spaced.

Now up 8A - 8C Referring to, the device may 310 In a fourth, unclaimed embodiment, they have a force-based design, and they can be reset passively. In this embodiment, the device 310 a compliant connection or coupling, as set forth in more detail below. In particular, the device may 310 a driver component 118 having, with a successor component 124 is removably coupled.

With reference to 8A can be the driver component 118 a body 126 and two shoulders 128 that stand out from the body 126 extend. The two shoulders 128 They can be opposite to each other and they can be different from the body 126 at about a mid point (not shown) of the body 126 extend. Furthermore, the driver component 118 with the successor component 124 be removably coupled. In addition, the first end 120 the driver component 118 on the element 28 be attached, and the element 28 may be on an immovable object or a stationary section 88 the device 310 , z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached. The second end 122 the driver component 118 can with a second elastic element 86 , z. B. with a spring, coupled, which also on an immovable object or a stationary section 88 the device 310 can be appropriate.

Now up 8A - 8C Referring to, the successor component 124 two arms 130 have, which are each arranged opposite to each other and spaced from each other. That is, the successor component 124 may have a U-shaped configuration. Each of the two arms 130 can take a lead 132 have, extending from this. The lead 132 may be designed to be a corresponding one of the two shoulders 128 to touch, thereby affecting the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 releasably connect. That means every lead 132 the successor component 124 can be trained to with a corresponding shoulder 128 the driver component 118 to get in touch. For example, a projection 132 of a distal end 82 every arm 130 protrude. Furthermore, the two arms 130 be arranged opposite to each other and spaced from each other to a cavity therebetween 134 define.

With further reference to 8A - 8C may additionally have a proximal end 102 the successor component 124 on a first elastic element 54 be attached, z. B. on a spring. The first elastic element 54 can be trained to access the component 12 to act. The component 12 For example, it may be a latch and or a portion of a valve, and the first elastic member 54 may be formed to the component 12 to unlock or open. Additionally, the successor component 124 on a lock 136 abut when the return device 20 in the initial state 22 located ( 3 ).

With reference to 8A and 8B The shape memory alloy can be in operation when the element 28 is heated up over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 8A ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 8B ), so that the element 28 in the first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 in the first direction 36 linear shift and the second elastic element 86 lengthen, which in turn makes the two protrusions 132 with the two shoulders 128 can engage, thereby the driver component 118 with the successor component 124 to pair and together in the first direction 36 to move linearly.

With reference to 8B can be the successor component 124 then when both the first elastic element 54 as well as the second elastic element 86 stretched and extended, from the catch 136 be moved away and the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 8A ) in the actuated state 24 ( 8B ) actuate. In particular, the element 28 in the first direction 36 be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to the driver component 118 as well as the successor component 124 to couple and to the driver component 118 as well as the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 move, thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to operate and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 8B ) and the displacement of the coupled driver component 118 and the successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

With reference to 8B and 8C can the projections 132 then, when the element 28 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens, over the two shoulders 128 move away, thereby the two arms 130 easy to spread apart so that the driver component 118 from the cavity 134 emerge and leave this, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 8B ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) reset. That is, the successor component 124 in the second direction 52 can be moved so that every projection 132 along a corresponding one of the two shoulders 128 can move and slide over this, thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset and thereby the component 12 back to the first state 14 to adjust. The first elastic element 54 the reset device can return to the reset state faster 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Now up 8C Referring to FIG. 2, the second elastic member may 86 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 8A ), the driver component 118 and the element 28 in the second direction 52 pull the first direction 36 is opposite, and it can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 Reset. That is, the driver component 118 in the second direction 52 can be shifted when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 goes over, thereby the reset device 20 from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 reset. Thus, the device 310 then be ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle. In this embodiment, a shape of the shoulders 128 and the projections 132 , a friction coefficient of the driver component 118 and / or the successor component 124 and / or a stiffness of the first elastic element 54 and the second elastic element 86 be tailored to the actuation and the resetting of the reset device 20 to effect.

Now up 9A - 9C Referring to FIG. 1, the device may 410 in a fifth, unclaimed embodiment, have a control-based design and can be actively reset. In this embodiment, the device 410 have a resilient connection or coupling, z. B. the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 ,

With reference to 9A can be the driver component 118 a body 126 and two shoulders 128 that stand out from the body 126 extend. The two shoulders 128 They can be opposite to each other and they can be different from the body 126 at about a mid point (not shown) of the body 126 extend. The driver component 118 can with the successor component 124 be removably coupled. In addition, the first end 120 the driver component 118 on the element 28 be attached and the element 28 can be attached to an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 410 , z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached. The second end 122 the driver component 118 can with a second elastic element 86 , z. B. with a spring, coupled, which also on an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 410 can be attached.

With further reference to 9A - 9C can be the successor component 124 two arms 130 have, which are each arranged opposite to each other and spaced from each other. That is, the successor component 124 may have a U-shaped configuration. Each of the two arms 130 can take a lead 132 which extends from and is formed to a corresponding one of the two shoulders 128 to touch, thereby affecting the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 releasably connect. That means every lead 132 the successor component 124 can be trained to with a corresponding shoulder 128 the driver component 118 to get in touch. For example, a projection 132 from a distal end 82 every arm 130 protrude. Furthermore, the two arms 130 arranged opposite and spaced from each other, to a cavity between them 134 define. With further reference to 9A - 9C may additionally have a proximal end 102 the successor component 124 on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. on a spring, be attached. The first elastic element 54 can be trained to access the component 12 to act.

As it is generally in 9A - 9C The device can be shown 410 also a bimetallic strip 138 which is the successor component 124 attached and trained to the two arms 130 in response to a thermal stimulus 140 ( 9C ) apart from each other. For example, the bimetallic strip 138 on each of the two arms 130 be arranged. As used herein, the terminology "bimetallic strip" refers to a structure having at least two layers (not shown) formed of different metals that expand at different rates as the various metals are heated. The various metals may be, for example, steel and copper or steel and brass. The at least two layers can be joined together by riveting, soldering or welding. Since each metal has a different coefficient of thermal expansion, the different coefficients may be a flattened bimetallic strip 138 force it to bend in one direction (not shown) when heated and to flex in an opposite direction (not shown) when cooled.

With further reference to 9A and 9B can the element 28 heat during operation 34 ( 1 ) according to a control signal or control scheme (not shown). If the element 28 is heated, the shape memory alloy over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 9A ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 9B ), so that the element 28 in a first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 9A ) to the second length 42 ( 9B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 in the first direction 36 linear shift and the second elastic element 86 lengthen, which in turn makes the two shoulders 128 with the two tabs 132 can engage, thereby the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 to pair and together in the first direction 36 to move linearly.

With reference to 9B can be the driver component 118 then when both the first elastic element 54 as well as the second elastic element 86 stretched and elongated from the first elastic element 54 be moved away and the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 9A ) in the actuated state 24 ( 9B ) actuate. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 9B ) and the displacement of the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

Referring again to 9C can the bimetallic strip 138 then when that is element 28 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens heat 34 ( 1 ), to thereby receive the two arms 130 slightly apart, spreading the projections 132 over the two shoulders 128 can move away and the driver component 118 from the cavity 134 emerge and leave this, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) reset. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

With reference to 9C can the heat 34 ( 1 ) of the element 28 in accordance with a control signal or control scheme (not shown). Therefore, the second elastic member 86 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), the driver component 118 and the element 28 in the second direction 52 pull the first direction 36 is opposite, and it can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 ( 9A ) reset. That means that the device 410 subsequently ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle. In this embodiment, a shape of the shoulders 128 and the projections 132 , a friction coefficient of the driver component 118 and / or the successor component 124 , a deflection of the bimetallic strip 138 , the electronic control signal or control scheme (not shown) and / or a stiffness of the first elastic element 54 and the second elastic element 86 be tailored to the actuation and the resetting of the reset device 20 to effect.

Now up 10A - 10C Referring to, the device may 510 in a sixth, unclaimed embodiment, have a control-based design, and can be actively reset. In this embodiment, the device 510 have the compliant connection or coupling, z. B. the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 ,

With reference to 10A can be the driver component 118 more specifically a body 126 and two shoulders 128 that stand out from the body 126 extend. The two shoulders 128 They can be opposite to each other and they can be different from the body 126 approximately at a center (not shown) of the body 126 extend. The driver component 118 can with the successor component 124 be removably coupled. In addition, the first end 120 the driver component 118 on the element 28 be attached, and the element 28 can be attached to an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 510 , z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached. The second end 122 the driver component 118 can with a second elastic element 86 , z. B. with a spring, coupled, which also on an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 510 can be attached.

With further reference to 10A - 10C can be the successor component 124 two arms 130 have, each arranged opposite and spaced from each other. For example, the successor component 124 have a U-shaped configuration. Each of the two arms 130 can take a lead 132 which extends from and is formed to a corresponding one of the two shoulders 128 to touch, thereby affecting the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 releasably connect. That means every lead 132 the successor component 124 can be trained to with a corresponding shoulder 128 the driver component 118 to get in touch. For example, a projection 132 from a distal end 82 every arm 130 protrude. Furthermore, the two arms 130 arranged opposite each other and spaced from each other to a cavity 134 to define between them.

With further reference to 10A - 10C may additionally have a proximal end 102 the successor component 124 on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. on a spring, be attached. The first elastic element 54 can be trained to access the component 12 to act.

As it is generally in 10A - 10C The device can be shown 510 Furthermore, a decoupling element 146 comprising the shape memory alloy and a first section 142 that with a first of the two arms 130 coupled, as well as a second section 144 that is with a second of the two arms 130 is coupled. The first paragraph 142 and the second section 144 can be trained to the two arms 130 in response to the thermal stimulus 140 ( 10C ) apart from each other. Thus, the first section 142 and the second section 144 in any suitable way with the two arms 130 be coupled. For example, the device 510 a frame formed to the first and the second portion 142 . 144 to wear and on the arms 130 the successor component 124 to fix.

With further reference to 10A and 10B can the element 28 and the first and second sections 142 . 144 warmth 34 ( 1 ) according to a control signal or control scheme (not shown). If the element 28 is heated, the shape memory alloy over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) pass over that element 28 and the first and second sections 142 . 144 contract, z. B. shorten. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 linear in the first direction 36 shift, and she may be the second elastic element 86 lengthen, which in turn makes the two shoulders 128 with the two tabs 132 can engage, thereby the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 to pair and together in the first direction 36 to move linearly.

With reference to 10B can be the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 then, when both the first elastic element 54 as well as the second elastic element 86 stretch and lengthen, from the first elastic element 54 be moved away and the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 10A ) in the actuated state 24 ( 10B ) actuate. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the displacement of the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

Referring again to 10C can the first and the second section 142 . 144 then, when the element 28 in the first direction 36 continues to contract and / or shorten, heat 34 ( 1 ), to thereby receive the two arms 130 slightly apart, spreading the projections 132 over the two shoulders 128 can move away and the driver component 118 from the cavity 134 emerge and leave this, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

With reference to 10C can the heat 34 ( 1 ) of the element 28 and / or from the first and second sections 142 . 144 according to the control signal or control scheme (not shown). Therefore, the second elastic member 86 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), the driver component 118 and the element 28 in the second direction 52 pull the first direction 36 is opposite, and it can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 ( 10C ) reset. That means that the device 510 subsequently ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle. In this embodiment, a shape of the shoulders 128 and the projections 132 , a friction coefficient of the driver component 118 and / or the successor component 124 , a transformation temperature T _{trans of} the first and second sections 142 . 144 and the element 28 , the control signal or control scheme (not shown) and / or a stiffness of the first elastic element 54 and the second elastic element 86 be tailored to the actuation and the resetting of the reset device 20 to effect.

Now up 11 Referring to, the device may 610 In a seventh, unclaimed embodiment, it has a control-based design, and it can be actively reset. In this embodiment, the successor component 124 the cavity 134 in it, and the driver component 118 can in the cavity 134 be displaceable.

With reference to 11 can be the driver component 118 special linear in the cavity 134 and be moved out of this. That is, the driver component 118 may be designed to be in the cavity 134 in the first direction 36 and in the second direction 52 that the first direction 36 is opposite, to be shifted linearly. In addition, the successor component 124 on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. on a spring, be attached. The first elastic element 54 may be adapted to the component (which is generally by 12 is shown) to act.

With further reference to 11 can be the driver component 118 be formed as a piston which is removable with the follower component 124 in the cavity 134 is coupled. The device 610 may further comprise at least one electromagnet 148 at the second end 122 the driver component 118 is arranged. The at least one electromagnet 148 can in response to an electric current 150 be activated to thereby the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 to couple reversibly. Furthermore, the successor component 124 be formed of ferrous material, so that the at least one electromagnet 148 magnetic to the successor component 124 can be attracted to when the at least one electromagnet 148 is activated. As it is in 11 can be shown, the driver component 118 in addition to the element 28 be attached, and the element 28 can be attached to an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 610 ( 2 ), z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached.

With further reference to 11 can the electric current 150 the at least one electromagnet 148 and the element 28 be supplied during operation. For example, the electric current 150 over a time interval according to a specific current-time relationship (not shown). Thus, the shape memory alloy can be used when the element 28 by the electric current 150 can be heated over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) pass over that element 28 in the first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 that with the successor component 124 over the activated at least one electromagnet 148 coupled, in the first direction 36 move and the first elastic element 54 extend.

With further reference to 11 can be the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 then, if the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 both in the first direction 36 be moved, the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 3 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) actuate. That means that the at least one electromagnet 148 can be activated and that the successor component 124 with the driver component 118 can be coupled. Thus, the element 28 in the first direction 36 be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 to move, thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 in the actuated state 24 to operate and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 ( 2 ) to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the displacement of the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

With reference to 11 Finally, the force generated by the first elastic element 54 is exercised, then when both the driver component 118 as well as the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 be moved larger than the force caused by the magnetic attraction between the at least one electromagnet 148 and the successor component 124 is exercised, and the driver component 118 may differ from the successor component 124 in the second direction 52 separate. For example, the electric current 150 from the at least one electromagnet 148 be removed to ensure that the force passing through the first elastic element 54 is greater than any residual attraction between the at least one electromagnet 148 and the successor component 124 is.

With reference to 11 can be the driver component 118 therefore from the successor component 124 be decoupled when the element 28 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens and / or when the electric current 150 from the at least one electromagnet 148 is removed, thereby the at least one electromagnet 148 to deactivate, and the first elastic element 54 can be the successor component 124 fast in the second direction 52 move, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 1 ) in the reset state 26 ( 1 ) reset. That means that the at least one electromagnet 148 can be disabled and that the successor component 124 from the driver component 118 can be decoupled. Thus, the successor component 124 in the second direction 52 be moved to thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) and thereby the components 12 back to the first state 14 to adjust. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Referring again to 11 can the electric current 150 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) passes, again to the at least one electromagnet 148 be supplied, so that the at least one electromagnet 148 the driver component 118 and the element 28 according to the magnetic attraction between the at least one electromagnet 148 and the successor component 124 in the second direction 52 can pull and thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 ( 3 ) can reset. That means that the at least one electromagnet 148 can be activated and that the driver component 118 in the second direction 52 can be shifted when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 goes over, thereby the reset device 20 from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 to adjust. Thus, the device 610 then be ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle.

Now up 12 Referring to, the device may 710 in an eighth, unclaimed embodiment, having a force-based design, and can be reset passively. In this embodiment, the device 710 also a first magnet 152 that at the second end 122 the driver component 118 is arranged, and a second magnet 154 that is detachable with the first magnet 152 coupled and at the proximal end 102 the successor component 124 is arranged. This means that the first and the second magnet 152 . 154 can attract each other magnetically, thereby releasably coupled. The first and the second magnet 152 . 154 For example, they can be permanent magnets. Furthermore, the successor component 124 in this embodiment, a cavity 134 in it, and the driver component 118 can in the cavity 134 be displaceable.

With reference to 12 can be the driver component 118 in this embodiment linearly into the cavity 134 and be moved out of this. That is, the driver component 118 may be designed to be in the cavity 134 in the first direction 36 and in the second direction 52 that the first direction 36 is opposite, to be shifted linearly. In addition, the successor component 124 on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. on a spring, be attached. The first elastic element 54 may be configured to access the component (generally by 12 shown) to act.

With further reference to 12 can be the driver component 118 be formed as a piston with the successor component 124 in the cavity 134 is removably coupled. The first magnet 152 may be at the second end 122 the driver component 118 be arranged, and the second magnet 154 can be at the successor component 124 be arranged. The first and the second magnet 152 . 154 can then be reversible to the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 Docking. As it is in 12 can be shown, the driver component 118 in addition to the element 28 be attached, and the element 28 may be due to an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 710 ( 2 ), z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached.

With further reference to 12 The shape memory alloy can then be in operation when the element 28 is heated up over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) pass that over the element 28 in the first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 that with the successor component 124 over the first and the second magnet 152 . 154 coupled, in the first direction 36 linear shift and the first elastic element 54 extend.

With reference to 12 can be the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 then, if the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 both in the first direction 36 be moved, the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 1 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 1 ) actuate. That means that the first magnet 152 with the second magnet 154 may be coupled such that the successor component 124 with the driver component 118 is coupled. The element 28 can in the first direction 36 be shortened when the shape memory alloy of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 to move, thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 3 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the displacement of the coupled driver component 118 and successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and the component 12 can unlock it.

With reference to 12 Finally, the force acting on the first elastic element 54 is exercised, then when both the driver component 118 as well as the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 be moved, be greater than the force caused by the magnetic attraction between the first and the second magnet 152 . 154 exercised, and the successor component 124 can be different from the driver component 118 in the second direction 52 separate. That is, the successor component 124 from the driver component 118 can be decoupled when the element 28 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens, and that the first elastic element 54 the successor component 124 fast in the second direction 52 can move, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) reset. The successor component 124 can from the driver component 118 decouple, and the successor component 124 can in the second direction 52 be moved to thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset and thereby the components back to the first state 14 to adjust. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Referring again to 12 may be the second magnet 154 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), the driver component 118 and the element 28 according to the magnetic attraction between the first and the second magnet 152 . 154 in the second direction 52 pull, and he can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 ( 3 ) in the initial state 22 Reset. That is, the driver component 118 in the second direction 52 can be shifted when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes to thereby the reset device from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 reset. The device 710 may then be ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle. In this embodiment, the magnetic attraction and repulsion properties can be tailored to the third time period 46 ( 1 ) to lengthen or shorten. For example, the successor component 124 although not shown, define a helical guide groove for linear displacement and rotation of the first magnet 152 to effect.

Now up 13 Referring to, the device may 810 in a ninth, unclaimed embodiment, having force-based training, and can be passively reset. In this embodiment, the device 810 two magnets 252 . 254 exhibit. The first magnet 252 and the second magnet 254 For example, they may be correlated magnets or encoded magnets, or magnets that are appropriate in terms of force. As used herein, the terminology "correlated magnets" or "coded magnets" refers to an interaction of magnetic structures (not shown), each consisting of geometric patterns of magnetic elements, ie, maxels imprinted in a magnetic surface. These magnetic structures can effect magnetic element designs that can vary in polarity, field strength, size, shape, location, and dipole orientation. By varying the geometric patterns of the magnetic elements, magnetic structures can be fabricated to produce precisely tailored magnetic fields, forces and behavior. Such magnetic structures may interact with each other or with other ferrous metals, and may be made of any magnetic material, including rare earth based magnets, ferrites and ceramics. Suitable examples of correlated magnets are commercially available under the trade name Polymagnets ^™ from Correlated Magnetics Research of Huntsville, Alabama.

As it is generally in 13 can be shown, the first magnet 252 and the second magnet 254 thus each be designed to in a first arrangement (generally by 156 shown) to magnetically attract each other and to be aligned in a second arrangement (shown generally by 158) so as to magnetically repel each other. That is, the first and the second magnet 252 . 254 can magnetically attract each other so that they are releasably coupled together. In this embodiment, the successor component 124 a cavity 134 in it, and it can have a central longitudinal axis 160 and the driver component 118 can in the cavity 134 along the central longitudinal axis 160 be displaceable. Furthermore, the first or the second magnet 252 . 254 in the cavity 134 be arranged.

With reference to 13 can be the successor component 124 more specifically, a channel 162 in it, define a linear section 164 which causes a linear displacement of the driver component 118 is formed, and a non-linear section 166 for effecting a rotational displacement of the driver component 118 is trained. That is, the linear section 164 and the nonlinear section 166 can be connected in such a way that the channel 162 may have a substantially helical shape. Thus, the linear section 164 of the canal 162 be formed to the driver component 118 in the cavity 134 along the central longitudinal axis 160 without a rotation of the driver component 118 linear shift, and the non-linear section 166 of the canal 162 may be formed to the driver component 118 in the cavity 134 along the central longitudinal axis 160 to move linear and rotating.

With further reference to 13 can be the driver component 118 in addition, a guide pin 168 formed to be in the channel 162 to be moved. That means that the guide pin 168 from the driver component 118 can protrude and in the channel 162 arranged and can be engaged with this. The guide pin 168 can be the driver component 118 along the canal 162 cause the driver component 118 linear along the linear section 164 can be moved and both linear and rotating along the non-linear section 166 in the cavity 134 can be moved.

With reference to 13 can the decor 810 also the element 28 have that on the driver component 118 is attached, and the element 28 can be attached to an immovable object or immovable section 88 the device 810 ( 2 ), z. B. on a wall, be firmly attached. The driver component 118 can also be on the first magnet 252 be attached. Furthermore, the second magnet 254 on a first elastic element 54 , z. B. on a spring, be attached, and the first elastic element 54 may be configured to access the component (generally by 12 shown) to act.

With further reference to 13 The shape memory alloy can then be in operation when the element 28 is heated up over the first period of time 38 ( 1 ) of the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) pass over that element 28 in the first direction 36 from the first length 40 ( 8A ) to the second length 42 ( 8B ), z. B. shortened. Such a contraction of the element 28 can be the driver component 118 and the first magnet 252 in the first direction 36 along the linear section 164 of the canal 162 linear shift and the first elastic element 54 extend. Finally, the guide pin 168 then, when the element 28 continues to contract and / or shorten, further into the channel 162 be moved, and the driver component 118 can be both linear and rotating in the non-linear section 166 of the canal 162 be moved.

Referring again to 13 may be the initial linear displacement of the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 both the first and the second magnet 252 . 254 in the first direction 36 move and the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 3 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) actuate. That means that the first magnet 252 with the second magnet 254 can be coupled such that the successor component 124 with the driver component 118 is coupled. Furthermore, the element 28 in the first direction 36 be shortened when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic martensite phase 30 into the crystallographic austenite phase 32 passes to the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 in the first direction 36 to shift when the guide pin 168 along the linear section 164 is shifted to thereby the reset device 20 from the initial state 22 ( 3 ) in the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) and thereby the component 12 continue into the second state 16 to adjust. That is, the combination of the transition of the shape memory alloy into the austenite crystallographic phase 32 ( 1 ) and the linear displacement of the driver component 118 and the successor component 124 the first elastic element 54 can extend and thereby the component 12 can unlock.

With further reference to 13 may be the subsequent rotational displacement of the driver component 118 cause the first magnet 252 no longer with respect to the second magnet 254 aligned so that the two correlated magnets 252 . 254 be decoupled. This may cause the driver component 118 from the second magnet 154 disconnect when the element 28 continue in the first direction 36 contracts and / or shortens. That is, the driver component 118 from the second magnet 254 can decouple and that the first elastic element 54 the second magnet 154 fast in the second direction 52 can move, thereby the reset device 20 over the third period of time 46 ( 1 ) from the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) in the reset state 26 ( 3 ) reset.

With further reference to 13 that means that the successor component 124 from the driver component 118 can be decoupled when the guide pin 168 along the non-linear section 166 of the canal 162 is moved. Thus, the successor component 124 in the second direction 52 be moved to thereby the reset device 20 from the actuated state 24 in the reset state 26 reset, and thereby the component 12 back to the first state 14 to adjust. The first elastic element 54 can the reset device 20 faster in the reset state 26 reset as the shape memory alloy on cooling to the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes. That is, the third time period 46 ( 1 ) shorter than the second time period 44 ( 1 ) as set forth above.

Referring again to 13 may be the second magnet 154 when the shape memory alloy continues into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 passes ( 1 ), the driver component 118 and the element 28 according to the magnetic attraction between the first and the second magnet 252 . 254 in the second direction 52 pull, and he can thereby the reset device 20 over the fourth period of time 48 ( 1 ) from the reset state 26 ( 1 ) in the initial state 22 ( 1 ) reset. That is, the driver component 118 in the second direction 52 can be shifted when the shape memory alloy from the crystallographic austenite phase 32 ( 1 ) into the crystallographic martensite phase 30 goes over, thereby the reset device 20 from the reset state 26 in the initial state 22 reset. That means that the device 810 subsequently ready for a subsequent actuation or activation cycle. In this embodiment, the magnetic attraction and repulsion properties for the correlated magnets can be tailored to the third time period 46 ( 1 ) to lengthen or shorten.

Accordingly, the aforementioned embodiments of the device 10 quickly recoverable or oppositely actuated, and minimize or eliminate unnecessary ambient cooling of the shape memory alloy. That means the facilities 10 can be locked or closed again immediately before the shape memory alloy has cooled completely. Thus, the facilities minimize 10 the third time period 46 ( 1 ), and they show an excellent cycle time between the actuated state 24 ( 3 ) and the initial state 22 ( 3 ). In other words, the facilities allow 10 a substantially immediate opposite actuation of the return device 20 without waiting for the shape memory alloy to enter the crystallographic martensite phase 30 ( 1 ), that is, without waiting for the shape memory alloy to cool. Further, the facilities 10 reliable, lightweight and economical. In addition, the devices simplify 10 the preparation, repair and maintenance of the shape memory alloy as the shape memory alloy during the reset state 26 is able to recover.

Claims (9)

Facility ( 10 ) for cyclically actuating a component ( 12 ) between a first state ( 14 ) and a second state ( 16 ), the facility ( 10 ) comprises: an element ( 28 ) formed of a shape memory alloy and in a first direction ( 36 ), said shape memory alloy being responsive to a source of thermal energy ( 34 ) is transferable between a crystallographic martensite phase and a crystallographic austenite phase; and a reset device ( 20 ) with the element ( 28 ) is driven and driven by this, wherein the reset device ( 20 ) comprises: a connecting element ( 50 ) associated with the component ( 12 ) and in a second direction ( 52 ), the first direction ( 36 ), is displaceable, and a disc ( 58 ), which are arranged around a rotation axis ( 56 ) is rotatable and with the connecting element ( 50 ) is in functional communication; the reset device ( 20 ) through the element ( 28 ) from an initial state ( 22 ), in which the shape memory alloy has the crystallographic martensite phase and the component ( 12 ) in the first state ( 14 ) is in an actuated state ( 24 ), in which the shape memory alloy has the crystallographic austenite phase and the component ( 12 ) in the second state ( 16 ) is operable; the reset device ( 20 ) from the actuated state ( 24 ) in a reset state ( 26 ) in which the shape memory alloy transitions from the crystallographic austenite phase to the crystallographic martensite phase, while the component ( 12 ) in the first state ( 14 ) is located; the reset device ( 20 ) further from the reset state ( 26 ) to the initial state ( 22 ) is recoverable; and where the element ( 28 ) in the first direction ( 36 ) contracts as the shape memory alloy transitions from the crystallographic martensite phase to the austenite crystallographic phase, thereby 58 ) about the axis of rotation ( 56 ) and the connecting element ( 50 ) in the second direction ( 52 ) moves to the component ( 12 ) in the second state ( 16 ) to adjust. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein said shape memory alloy is over a first period of time ( 38 ) is transferable from the crystallographic martensite phase to the austenite crystallographic phase, and wherein the shape memory alloy is further exposed over a second period of time (FIG. 44 ) longer than the first period ( 38 ) is, from the crystallographic Austenitphase is transferable into the crystallographic martensite phase. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 2, wherein the return device ( 20 ) over a third period of time ( 46 ) shorter than the second period ( 44 ) is, from the actuated state ( 24 ) in the reset state ( 26 ) and also over a fourth period of time ( 48 ) equal to a difference between the second time period ( 44 ) and the third period ( 46 ), from the reset state ( 26 ) to the initial state ( 22 ) is repositionable. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 3, wherein the first time period ( 38 ) substantially equal to the third period of time ( 46 ). Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 3, wherein said third period of time ( 46 ) ranges from about 0.5 seconds to about 2 seconds. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein the return device ( 20 ) not from the initial state ( 22 ) in the actuated state ( 24 ) is operable when the reset device ( 20 ) in the reset state ( 26 ) is located. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein the device ( 10 ) the component ( 12 ) not again in the second state ( 16 ), while the return device ( 20 ) in the reset state ( 26 ) is located. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein the element ( 28 ) expands as the shape memory alloy transitions from the austenite crystallographic phase to the martensite crystallographic phase. Facility ( 10 ) according to claim 8, wherein the element ( 28 ) shortens when the shape memory alloy transitions from the crystallographic martensite phase to the austenite crystallographic phase, thereby 20 ) from the initial state ( 22 ) in the actuated state ( 24 ), and extends when the shape memory alloy transitions from the austenite crystallographic phase to the martensite crystallographic phase while the restoring device (14) 20 ) from the actuated state ( 24 ) in the reset state ( 26 ) is reset.

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