JP2000199883A - Reflective projector - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: The present invention relates to a reflection type projector apparatus for displaying a large image using a color separation / color synthesis means and a reflection type liquid crystal panel, etc. It is an object to reduce costs. A light source (2) and reflective liquid crystal panels (26R, 26) are provided.
G, 26B, a dichroic prism 24 that separates light from the light source 21 into light of a predetermined color by using interference, and a reflection type projector device including a projection lens 27, the light source 21 and the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26R, 26G, 26
B, a first polarizing plate 23 is provided, and a second polarizing plate 25 is provided between the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B and the projection lens 27.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reflection type projector apparatus, and more particularly to a reflection type projector apparatus for displaying a large image using a color separation / color synthesizing means and a reflection type liquid crystal panel. Conventionally, a transmission type liquid crystal panel using a TN type liquid crystal panel has been widely used as a projection type liquid crystal projector for displaying a large image.

In recent years, however, studies have been made on a reflection type liquid crystal panel which is provided with a reflection electrode for each pixel to improve the aperture ratio of the pixel, and has been applied to a projection type liquid crystal projector. Since the aperture ratio of this reflective liquid crystal panel can be higher than that of a conventional transmissive liquid crystal panel, it is possible to realize a compact and highly efficient projector.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional reflection type projector. As shown in FIG. 1, the reflection type projector device 10 roughly includes a light source 11, a polarization separation prism (PBS) 12, and a dichroic prism 1.
4. Reflective liquid crystal panels 16R, 16G, 16B (R indicates red, G indicates green, B indicates blue), and projection lens 17
And the like.

In the above configuration, the light beam emitted from the light source 11 is linearly polarized light extracted by the polarization splitting prism 12, the traveling direction thereof is bent by 90 °, and then enters the dichroic prism 14. The light incident on the dichroic prism 14 is separated into red, green, and blue (RGB) and emitted, reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panels 16R, 16G, and 16B corresponding to each color, and then passes through the same optical path. Incident on the polarization splitting prism 12 again.

At this time, each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 16R, 16R
Of the light modulated by G and 16B, in the region where the liquid crystal is in the ON state, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 ° and the light is emitted.
Through the projection lens 17 and a screen (not shown).
To form an image.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional reflection type projector device 10, the cost of the reflection type projector device 10 is increased because the polarization separation prism 12 which is an expensive optical component is used. There's a problem. Further, when the polarization splitting prism 12 separates polarized light, it is difficult to satisfactorily separate polarized light with respect to the spread of light of the light source 11, for example, ± 2 degrees.

Further, the conventional reflection type projector 10
In this example, white light from the light source 11 is divided into three to produce RGB light. For this reason, there is a problem that the cyan (Cy) and yellow (Ye) components existing between GB and GR are mixed into each color, thereby lowering the color purity and making it impossible to use convergent light beam illumination. As a countermeasure, cyan (Cy) is applied between the light source 11 and the dichroic prism 14 or between the dichroic prism 14 and the projection lens 17.
It is conceivable to cut off the unnecessary wavelength by inserting a cut filter and a yellow (Ye) cut filter (see FIG. 1).

However, the Cy-cut filter and the Ye-cut filter, which are band filters (band-pass filters), cut a band of about 10 to 20 nm, which is an unnecessary wavelength band, by a cut ratio (reflection of an arbitrary wavelength band). Or absorption rate)
Cannot be increased. For this reason, it is either cut to the required wavelength range and involves light loss, or it is not possible to cut unnecessary wavelengths enough to ensure sufficient color purity, so that color purity is secured without loss of light I couldn't.

Further, the conventional reflection type projector device 10
Since two optical elements of the dichroic prism 14 and the polarization splitting prism 12 are disposed between the reflection type liquid crystal panels 16R, 16G, 16B and the projection lens 17,
There is a problem that the distance between the reflection type liquid crystal panels 16R, 16G, 16B and the projection lens 17 becomes long, and that the apparatus becomes large.

Further, when the light travels through the dichroic prism 14, the light spreads due to a long optical path. To cope with this, the polarization splitting prism 12, the dichroic prism 14, and the projection lens 17 are increased in size. There was a problem that it would. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reflection-type projector device that has high color purity and high efficiency and can be reduced in size and cost.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by taking the following means. The invention according to claim 1 includes a light source, a reflective liquid crystal panel, a color separation / color combining unit that separates and / or combines light from the light source into light of a predetermined color, and a projection type lens. In the projector device, a first polarizing element is provided between the light source and the reflective liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing element is provided between the reflective liquid crystal panel and the projection lens. It is characterized by the following.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the reflection type projector device according to the first aspect, the color separation / color synthesis means is provided between the light source and the reflection type liquid crystal panel and the reflection type liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel is disposed at a position between a liquid crystal panel and the projection lens.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector device according to the first or second aspect, a dichroic mirror is used as the color separation / color combining means, and the dichroic mirror is combined in an X-shape. ,
Further, when the incident light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflective liquid crystal panel pass through the dichroic mirror, the optical axis passing position of each light passes through a position other than the combination center position of the dichroic mirror. It is characterized by having comprised.

Further, in the reflection type projector device according to the third aspect, the reflection characteristics of the dichroic mirror may be different between a light source side mirror and a projection side mirror. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector device according to the first aspect,
The light from the light source is incident on the reflective liquid crystal panel substantially vertically, and the reflected light from the reflective liquid crystal panel is reflected by a mirror installed in front of the light source, and the reflected light is transmitted to the projection lens. It is characterized in that it is configured to lead.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the reflection type projector device according to the first aspect, wherein the reflection type liquid crystal panel is provided between the surface of an interference film provided in the color separation / color synthesis means. A dichroic filter of at least one surface is arranged, and the dichroic filter is a high-pass filter that transmits light of a set wavelength or more and reflects light of a set wavelength or less, and is arranged in front of a reflective liquid crystal panel for red. It is characterized by the following.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the reflection type projector apparatus according to the first aspect, between the film surface of the interference film provided in the color separation / color synthesis means and the reflection type liquid crystal panel. A dichroic filter of at least one surface is arranged, and the dichroic filter is a low-pass filter that transmits light having a wavelength equal to or less than a set wavelength and reflects light having a wavelength equal to or more than the set wavelength, and is arranged in front of the reflective liquid crystal panel for blue. It is characterized by the following.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the reflection type projector apparatus according to the first aspect, a dichroic prism is used as the color separation / color synthesis means, and a light source is provided between the reflection type liquid crystal panel and the dichroic prism. In addition, a first cylindrical lens is provided.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector according to the seventh aspect, a second cylindrical lens is disposed between the light source and the dichroic prism. is there. Also,
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector according to the seventh or eighth aspect, a convergence direction of the cylindrical lens is the same as a direction of the dichroic prism color separation.

Further, in the reflection type projector device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, incident light incident on the dichroic prism is converted into S-polarized light with respect to the interference film surface, and is emitted from the dichroic prism. Outgoing light is P-polarized light, and the dichroic prism is provided with a red reflecting interference film that reflects only red and a blue reflecting interference film that reflects only blue, and the red reflecting interference of the incident light is provided. Let θr be the angle of incidence on the film,
When the incident angle to the blue reflection interference film is θb, θ
It is also possible to configure so as to satisfy the relationship of b <θr.

Further, in the reflection type projector device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, a triangular prism is disposed between the projection lens and the dichroic prism, and a vertex angle θa of the triangular prism; An angle θb formed by light emitted from the dichroic prism and a normal to the light exit surface of the dichroic prism may be configured to satisfy θa ≒ θb.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an illumination system for generating illumination light having a predetermined wavelength band, and a plurality of optical systems for generating image light by reflecting illumination light emitted from the illumination system. A reflection type display element, a color separation / color synthesis unit that separates the illumination light into light of a predetermined color, and synthesizes image light from the reflection type display element, and projects the synthesized image light. A reflection type projector device having a projection lens, wherein the illumination light is incident from the illumination system on an entrance / exit surface, which is one surface of the color separation / color combining means, and the projection lens is projected from the entrance / exit surface. And the input / output angle of the irradiating light or the image light with respect to the color separation / color combining means, or the input / output angle of the irradiating light or the image light with respect to the reflective display element. By controlling the angle, it is characterized in that it has a configuration in which separating the illumination light the image light.

The invention according to claim 11 is the first invention.
0, wherein the illumination light is incident from a direction in which an optical axis thereof is parallel to a plane including a color separation direction of the color separation / color synthesis means. It is. According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector device according to the tenth aspect, the illumination light is emitted from a direction in which an optical axis thereof intersects a plane including a color separation direction of the color separation / color synthesis unit. It is characterized in that it is configured to be incident.

The invention according to claim 13 is the first invention.
3. The reflection type projector device according to 2, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit at independent positions within the entrance / exit surface, and an illumination optical system from the illumination system to the projection lens. Is an anamorphic optical system.

The invention according to claim 14 is the first invention.
3. The reflection type projector device according to 2, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit at independent positions within the entrance / exit surface, and an illumination optical system from the illumination system to the projection lens. Is an optical system that can be rotated with respect to the optical axis.

Further, the invention according to claim 15 provides the invention according to claim 1.
3. The reflection type projector device according to 2, wherein the illumination light and the image light are configured to enter and exit so as to overlap in the plane of the entrance / exit surface, and an illumination optical system from the illumination system to the projection lens. Is an anamorphic optical system.

[0026] Further, the invention according to claim 16 is based on claim 1.
3. The reflection type projector device according to 2, wherein the illumination light and the image light are configured to enter and exit so as to overlap in the plane of the entrance / exit surface, and an illumination optical system from the illumination system to the projection lens. Is an optical system that can be rotated with respect to the optical axis.

The invention according to claim 17 is the first invention.
17. The reflection type projector device according to any one of items 2 to 16, wherein the color separation / color synthesis means has a reflection characteristic having polarization dependence on color separation, and the polarization of reflected light and the polarization of transmitted light are different from each other. A dichroic cross prism configured as described above is used, and a polarization control element for changing polarization only in a predetermined wavelength band is provided in the illumination system.

[0028] In the reflection type projector device according to the seventeenth aspect, the polarization control element may have a wavelength selection characteristic for filtering a predetermined wavelength band. 18. The reflection-type projector device according to claim 17, wherein the polarization control element is configured such that light in a green wavelength band is light having a polarization plane parallel to a color separation direction of a dichroic cross prism, and light in a red wavelength band. The light in the blue and blue wavelength bands may be configured to generate light having a polarization plane perpendicular to the color separation direction.

The reflection-type projector device according to claim 17, wherein the polarization control element has first and second elements having a selected wavelength reflection layer for reflecting a predetermined wavelength band, and It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a circularly polarized light generating element is sandwiched between the element described above and the second element. Further, in the reflective projector device according to claim 17,
The shape of the surface on which the selective wavelength reflection layer is formed may be flat or curved.

The invention according to claim 18 is the first invention.
17. The reflection type projector device according to any one of 2 to 16, wherein the color separation / color combining means includes a dichroic cross prism configured so that at least one of polarization of reflected light and polarization of transmitted light has the same polarization. Use
The illumination system further includes a wavelength selection element for generating light in a predetermined wavelength band.

Further, in the reflection type projector apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect, the wavelength selection element may be constituted by first and second selection wavelength reflection layers that reflect a predetermined wavelength band. Further, in the reflection type projector device according to the eighteenth aspect, the surface on which the selective wavelength reflection layer is formed may be a flat surface or a curved surface.

Further, in the reflection type projector device according to claim 17 or 18, a prism for preventing aberration or a wedge substrate may be arranged on the entrance / exit surface of the dichroic cross prism. Claim 1
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the reflective projector device according to any one of the twelfth to eighteenth aspects, the reflective display element is constituted by a time-division display element.

Further, the invention described in claim 20 is the same as that in claim 1.
20. The reflective projector according to any one of 2 to 18, wherein the reflective display element includes a phase modulation element that performs phase modulation of light incident by reflection, and a light intensity modulation element that modulates light intensity. It is characterized by comprising.

In the reflection type projector according to the present invention, the phase modulation type element may be a liquid crystal panel having a modulation amount of λ / 4, and the light intensity modulation element may be a polarizing plate. . Further, in the reflection type projector device according to the twentieth aspect, the phase modulation type element is a liquid crystal panel that converts a polarization direction by 90 degrees, and the light intensity modulation element is configured by a polarizing plate and a circularly polarized light generation element. You can also.

Further, in the reflection type projector device according to the twentieth aspect, the reflection surface of the reflection type display element and the light intensity modulation element may be arranged so as to have an angle with respect to an incident optical axis. 31. The reflection-type projector device according to claim 30, further comprising a prism or a wedge substrate disposed on a surface of the color separation / color combination unit facing the reflective display element, and the prism and the color separation / color combination. The light intensity modulating element may be disposed between the light intensity modulating element and the wedge substrate and the color separation / color combining means.

Further, the invention described in claim 21 is based on claim 1
21. The reflection type projector device according to any one of 2 to 20, wherein the illumination system is a polarization conversion optical system that converts light emitted from the light source into a predetermined polarization state, and the light from the polarization conversion optical system. An integrator optical system for obliquely entering the color separation / color synthesis means.

22. The reflection type projector device according to claim 21, wherein said polarization conversion optical system is a lens array and a polarization beam splitter for moving light formed by said lens array to a position shifted in one direction by polarized light. And a λ / 2 sheet array arranged in the same direction as the direction in which the polarization separation element extends. Claim 21
5. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein the integrator optical system forms a first lens array that converges the light from the light source, and forms an image of the aperture of the first lens array with the size of the reflection type display element. A second lens array and a condenser lens for collecting the light passing through the second lens array at the position of the reflective display element may be employed.

In the reflection type projector according to any one of claims 12 to 21, a field lens may be provided between the reflection type display element and the color separation / color synthesis means. Further, claims 12 to 21
In the reflective projector device according to any one of the above,
Cooling means for cooling at least one of the reflective display element or the light intensity modulation element may be provided.

Each of the above means operates as follows.
According to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the light emitted from the light source is first converted into S-polarized light or P-polarized light by the first polarizing element. This light is incident on a color separation / color synthesis means (dichroic prism or dichroic mirror), but the polarization state is unchanged in this direction. When the light is emitted from the color separation / color synthesis means, the light is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel.

Here, when a vertical alignment type liquid crystal panel is used as the reflection type liquid crystal panel, when no voltage is applied to the reflection type liquid crystal panel and the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the incident light is The polarization state remains unchanged and is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel. In this case, the reflected light passes through the color separation / color combining means again, and is absorbed by the second polarizing element provided in a crossed Nicol relationship with the first polarizing element before the projection lens. Not projected. That is, black display is realized.

On the other hand, when a voltage is applied to the reflective liquid crystal panel and the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally inclined, the polarization state of the incident light changes, and the incident light is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel. In this case, the reflected light passes through the color separation / color synthesis means again, and then passes through a second polarizing plate provided in a crossed Nicol relationship with the first polarizing element before the projection lens. Is projected. That is, white display is realized.

The color separating / color synthesizing means (dichroic prism) has a function of separating the incident light from the light source into three colors of RGB and making each of the light enter the reflection type liquid crystal panel. It has the function of color-combining the reflected light. It is essential that the main axis of the incident light be incident on the reflection surface of the reflection type liquid crystal panel in an S-wave or P-wave state. That is, when light enters in other states, the polarization state of the light reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel and passed twice through the dichroic prism is not linearly polarized due to the difference in the reflection characteristics of the dichroic prism. , It is impossible to obtain a good black display.

It is essential that the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules be substantially vertical. In the present invention, the S wave (P
(Wave) does not change its polarization state when it is incident on a vertically aligned reflective liquid crystal panel. That is, since the polarization direction of the incident linearly polarized light is perpendicular or parallel to the optical axis of the vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules, the polarization state is not disturbed, and the polarized light reaches the second polarizing element as it is. And a good black display is realized.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, the light emitted from the light source is converted into linearly polarized light by the first polarizing element and enters the color separation / color combining means. The color separation / color synthesis means separates the white light into RGB and makes it incident on the reflective liquid crystal panel. This reflective liquid crystal panel reflects light in the OFF state (during black display) without changing the polarization direction.

The dichroic filter disposed between the reflective liquid crystal panel and the surface of the interference film provided in the color separation / color synthesis means reflects a predetermined component contained in the incident light. is there. Now, assuming that the dichroic filter reflects the yellow component contained in the incident light, the red light separated by the color separation / color combining means has a yellow component which is a dichroic filter and a reflection type liquid crystal panel. On the upper OFF region, the light is reflected in the same polarization direction as when the light is incident, and is again incident on the color separation / color synthesis means.

These lights are reflected by the interference film (red reflecting film) in the color separation / color combining means as in the case of incidence, and enter the second polarizing element. Since the first polarizing element and the second polarizing element are arranged in crossed Nicols, a yellow component whose polarization direction has not changed is absorbed by the second polarizing element. Similarly, if the dichroic filter reflects the cyan component contained in the incident light, the color separation /
In the blue light separated by the color synthesizing means, the cyan component is turned off by the dichroic filter and turned off on the reflective liquid crystal panel.
The light is reflected on the region in the same polarization direction as when the light is incident. The reflected light again enters the color separation / color synthesis means, and thereafter enters the second polarizing element. Since the second polarizing element is arranged in crossed Nicols with respect to the first polarizing element, a cyan component whose polarization direction is not changed is absorbed by the second polarizing element.

At this time, if the dichroic filter reflects the yellow component, the dichroic filter may be a low-pass filter that cuts the yellow component from red light. Similarly, when the dichroic filter reflects the cyan component, the dichroic filter may be a high-pass filter that cuts the cyan component from the blue light. The high-pass filter and the low-pass filter can achieve extremely sharp separation characteristics as compared with a band filter (band-pass filter) that has been conventionally used, so that a significant improvement in efficiency can be realized.

According to the present invention, the light radiated from the light source is converged only in the lateral direction by the first cylindrical lens, and the light having a linear profile at the focal point. Become. After converging once, this light travels while diverging, and enters the dichroic prism via the first polarizer.

By providing the second cylindrical lens, the light that has entered the dichroic prism and has been color-separated passes through the second cylindrical lens and enters the reflective liquid crystal panel. When the light enters the reflection type liquid crystal panel, the light is substantially the same size as the display area. Light incident on the reflective liquid crystal panel is specularly reflected by the reflective electrode, and passes through the second cylindrical lens, the dichroic prism, and the second polarizer at an angle different from that at the time of incidence. This configuration eliminates the need for the polarization separation prism 12 (see FIG. 1) used to separate the incoming and outgoing light in the conventional reflection type projector device, and the distance between the projection lens and the reflection type liquid crystal panel (projection) Lens back focus) can be shortened.

Further, by adjusting the direction of convergence of the first and second cylindrical lenses and the direction of color separation by the dichroic prism, light can be collected without disturbing polarization. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the dichroic prism and the entire optical system. On the other hand, in the configuration of the present invention, the light emitted from the reflective liquid crystal panel is transmitted obliquely through the dichroic prism and is converged by each cylindrical lens, so that large astigmatism occurs when projected as it is. . This is because the optical length of light traveling from a point on the reflective liquid crystal panel to the projection lens changes depending on the angle. In the present invention, the optical path difference is corrected by disposing a triangular prism having an optimized apex angle between the dichroic prism and the projection lens. As a result, good display can be achieved without impairing the advantage of miniaturization.

According to the tenth to sixteenth aspects of the present invention, the input / output surface of the color separating / color synthesizing means is configured to function as an illumination light incident surface and an image light output surface. The optical system leading to the projection lens can be simplified, and the size of the reflection type projector can be reduced. Further, a configuration is provided in which illumination light and image light are separated by controlling the angle of incidence and emission of irradiation light or image light to the color separation / color synthesis means, or the angle of incidence and emission of irradiation light or image light to the reflective display element. This eliminates the need for a polarization splitting prism that has been conventionally used to separate illumination light and image light, thereby also allowing the reflection type projector to be downsized.

The direction in which the illumination light is incident on the color separation / color synthesis means may be either horizontal or vertical with respect to the color separation direction of the color separation / color synthesis hand. Can be realized. The illumination light and the image light may be incident on the entrance / exit surface in a manner that the illumination light and the image light enter / exit at independent positions in the entrance / exit surface, or may overlap and enter / exit. Absent. Further, even if the illumination optical system from the illumination system to the projection lens is an anamorphic optical system, the above-described operation can be realized very much as an optical system to be rotated.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the color separation / color synthesis means uses a predetermined wavelength band (for example,
R, G, and B), and the polarization control element rotates the incident polarization plane by 90 ° about the light propagation direction as an axis. The light generated in this way has a necessary wavelength band, and light (for example, G) of a part of the band is a mixture of light whose polarization has been rotated.

When this light is incident on a dichroic cross prism having different reflection characteristics depending on polarization, light in the G wavelength band, which is P-polarized light, is transmitted, and RB is reflected. Light guided to each reflective display element is P-polarized light or S-polarized light. The reflection type display element generates image light of each color, and the image light of each color passes through the dichroic cross prism with the same polarization plane as the incident light, and after combining the image light of each color, it is emitted toward the projection lens. Is done.

Further, a dichroic cross prism configured to make the polarization of the reflected light equal to the polarization of the transmitted light is used, and the light of a predetermined wavelength band is generated in the illumination system. Even with a configuration provided with a wavelength selection element, it is possible to perform color separation / color synthesis processing. However, in this case, since the polarization of the reflected light is equal to the polarization of the transmitted light, the wavelength band that can be filtered is limited for each color, and therefore, the reflection type is slightly inferior to the invention of claim 17 in terms of luminance. The size of the projector device can be reduced.

When a prism for preventing aberration or a wedge substrate is arranged on the entrance / exit surface of the dichroic cross prism, the optical path difference can be corrected, so that the occurrence of astigmatism can be suppressed and the size can be reduced. Good display is possible without impairing the advantages. According to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the reflective display element is constituted by a time-division display element (for example, a micromirror device), or the reflective display element is constituted by a phase modulation element (for example,
With a configuration in which a liquid crystal panel) and a light intensity modulating element (for example, a polarizing plate) are combined, the intensity of reflected light is modulated while maintaining the same polarization state as incident light with a relatively simple configuration. Can be performed.

When the reflection type display element is composed of a phase modulation type element and a light intensity modulation element, the reflection type display element may have a configuration in which the reflection surface of the reflection type display element and the light intensity modulation element are closely adhered in parallel. It is good also as a structure arranged separately. According to the twenty-first aspect, the reflecting surface of the reflective display element and the light intensity modulating element are arranged so as to have an angle with respect to the incident optical axis, so that the emission directions of the image light and the noise light are provided. Can be changed, and only necessary image light can be emitted from the projection lens.

As described above, as a specific means having an angle between the reflection surface of the reflection type display element and the light intensity modulation element with respect to the incident optical axis, the reflection type display element of the color separation / color synthesis means is used. A configuration in which a prism or a wedge substrate is provided on the opposing surface and a light intensity modulation element is provided between the prism and the color separation / color synthesis means or between the wedge substrate and the color separation / color synthesis means. Conceivable.

Further, in the above configuration, by forming a gap at least between the prism and the color separation / color synthesis means or between the wedge substrate and the color separation / color synthesis means, the heat radiation characteristics can be improved. it can. The illumination system is configured by a polarization conversion optical system that converts light emitted from the light source into a predetermined polarization state, and an integrator optical system that obliquely enters the light from the polarization conversion optical system into a color separation / color combining unit. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of an illumination system that generates illumination light aligned in one plane of polarization.

When a field lens is provided between the reflective display device and the color separation / color synthesis means, noise light can be emitted at different angles. Further, when cooling means for cooling at least one of the reflective display element and the light intensity modulation element is provided, the reflective display element,
Since the cooling for the light intensity modulating element can be forcibly performed, the cooling efficiency can be further improved.

[0061]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram showing the reflection type projector device 20A according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the reflection type projector device 20A according to the present embodiment roughly includes a light source 21, a first polarizing plate 23, a dichroic prism 24, and a second polarizing plate 2.
5. Reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B (R indicates red, G indicates green, B indicates blue), and a projection lens 27 (the reflective projector device 20A is a reflective projector device 20A). Since the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B are used as display elements, the reflective projector is hereinafter referred to as a reflective liquid crystal projector.)

The light source 21, the reflector 22, and the first polarizing plate 23 constitute an illumination system. The light source 21 is a short arc lamp of a high-pressure mercury type and generates white light. On the back of the light source 21, a reflector 2
2 are provided, and the reflector 22 is designed so that the emitted light is converged toward the projection lens 27.
Specifically, the reflector 22 has an elliptical shape, and the light source 2 is placed at a first focal point of the elliptical reflector 22.
1 is provided.

The dichroic prism 24 separates the white light incident from the light source 21 into three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and also has reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G as described later. , 26B function as color separation / color synthesis means for synthesizing the reflected lights of the respective colors reflected by the respective colors. The dichroic prism 24 has a configuration in which four prisms 28A to 28D having a triangular prism shape are combined (a dichroic cross prism). A predetermined surface of each of the prisms 28A to 28D has color separation and color synthesis. A red reflection film 29R and a blue reflection film 29B, which are interference films for performing the above, are formed.

The dichroic prism 24 having the above-described structure includes the light source 21 and the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26R.
G, 26B, and each reflective liquid crystal panel 26R,
An arrangement position is set at a position between 26G, 26B and the projection lens 27. In this embodiment, the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B are used as the reflective display elements. The reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B are vertical alignment type liquid crystal panels (TFT type liquid crystal panels), and a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy manufactured by Merck is used as a liquid crystal provided therein. Here, each reflective liquid crystal panel 26R,
The reflection type reflection electrodes provided on 26G and 26B are TF
An aluminum electrode is used as a display electrode of a T-type liquid crystal panel, and an electrode of a counter substrate is a transparent electrode.

The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer and the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal
The product (Δn · d) is, for example, from 0.1 μm
The direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined by application of a voltage is set at 45 degrees in the plane of the paper with respect to the longitudinal direction of the liquid crystal panel. Further, the incident angle of the light incident on each of the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B is set to, for example, about 10 degrees. No display device can be realized.

The projection lens 27 is connected to each reflection type liquid crystal panel 2.
It has a function of projecting the light modulated by the 6R, 26G, and 26B and combined by the dichroic prism 24 toward a screen (not shown). In the present embodiment, an enlargement lens is used as the projection lens 27. The first and second polarizing plates 23 and 25 use iodine-based polarizing films. Further, the first polarizing plate 23 includes the light source 21 and the reflective liquid crystal panels 26.
R, 26G, 26B and the second
Of the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 2
6B and the projection lens 27. And,
The first polarizing element 23 and the second polarizing element 25 are configured to have a crossed Nicols relationship with each other.

Here, the characteristics of the dichroic prism 24 and the first polarizing plate 25 will be described. When the light from the light source 21 is polarized by the first polarizer 25 and enters the dichroic prism 24, the light enters in the column direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) of the prism (prism 28 </ b> A) constituting the dichroic prism 24 at this incident position. When a straight line is drawn, in this embodiment, the dichroic prism 24
Is configured so that the polarization direction of the light incident on the line is perpendicular or parallel to this straight line.

In this embodiment, the dichroic prism 24 has different characteristics between the light source side and the projection side. That is, on the light source side, the light is incident on each of the reflection films 29R and 29B of the dichroic prism 24 at a shallow angle, whereas on the projection side, the light is emitted at a deeper angle. In accordance with this, the reflection and transmission characteristics are adjusted at the left and right sides of the dichroic prism 24, and more specifically, at the right side, the transmittance is adjusted to be better.

Next, the operation of the reflection type liquid crystal projector 20A having the above configuration will be described. Light source 21
The illumination light (white light) generated in (1) is converted into S-polarized light or P-polarized light by passing through the first polarizing plate 23. This illumination light is incident on and exited from the entrance / exit surface 43 of the dichroic prism 24.
Incident on. At this time, the dichroic prism 24
When a straight line is drawn in the column direction of the prisms 28 </ b> A to 28 </ b> D having two triangular prism shapes, the “incident main axis tilt direction” is determined so that the incident light (illumination light) is orthogonal to the straight line. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the incident light is incident at a predetermined angle along a surface extending in the light separation direction of the dichroic prism 24 (this surface is referred to as a color separation direction surface 51). . At the time of the incidence, the polarization state of the incident light is unchanged.

The incident illumination light undergoes color separation in the dichroic prism 24. Specifically, only the red light is reflected by the red reflective film 29R, and only the blue light is reflected by the blue reflective film 29B. Thereby, only the red light is reflected on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R, only the green light is reflected on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26B, and the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R is reflected on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R.
Only blue light is incident on B.

Each color light is reflected by each reflection type liquid crystal panel 26R,
26G and 26B, the light beam enters with the principal axis of the light oblique, and each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G and 26
B is reflected. Here, the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 2
In a state where no voltage is applied to 6G and 26B and the liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the incident light is reflected by each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G and 26B without changing the polarization state. In this case, the reflected light passes through the dichroic prism 24 again, and is absorbed by the second polarizing plate 25 (having a cross Nicol relationship with the first polarizing plate 25) installed in front of the projection lens 27. Is not projected.
That is, black display is realized.

On the other hand, the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G,
When a voltage is applied to 26B and the liquid crystal molecules are tilted horizontally, the polarization state of the incident light changes, and the incident light is reflected by each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B. In this case, the reflected light passes through the dichroic prism 24 again, is subjected to color synthesis, is emitted from the entrance / exit surface 43, passes through the second polarizing plate 25 installed in front of the projection lens 27, and is projected. Is done. That is, image display is realized (the light obtained by color synthesis is referred to as image light). At this time, as shown in FIG. 10, the image light is emitted from the input / output surface 53 toward the projection lens 27 at a predetermined angle along the color separation direction surface 51. Thus, in this embodiment,
The entrance / exit surface 43, which is one surface formed on the dichroic prism 24, functions not only as an incident surface for illumination light but also as an exit surface for image light.

As is clear from the above description, the principal axis of the light incident on each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B is an S-wave or P-wave with respect to the reflective surface of each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B. It is essential that the light is incident in a wave state. If the light is incident in a state other than this, due to the difference in the reflection characteristics of the dichroic prism 24, the polarization state of the light reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B and passed twice through the dichroic prism 24 is linearly polarized. As a result, the above-mentioned black display cannot be obtained.

Each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26R
It is essential that the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules of G and 26B be almost completely vertical. Light incident on the S-wave (P-wave) is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R and 26 having vertically aligned liquid crystals.
When the light enters G, 26B, its polarization state does not change. That is, the incident light, that is, the S-wave is perpendicular, and the P-wave is Since the light is parallel and the polarization state is not disturbed, the light reaches the second polarizing plate as it is and is absorbed to realize a good black display.

Therefore, according to the configuration of this embodiment, an image having a high contrast can be generated without using an expensive polarizing beam splitter conventionally used. This makes it possible to reduce the size and cost of the reflective liquid crystal projector 20A while maintaining high contrast. Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 shows a reflection type liquid crystal projector 20B according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, components corresponding to those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. The same applies to the embodiments described below. In the reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20A according to the first embodiment, the example in which the dichroic prism 24 is used as the color separating / color combining means has been described. However, the reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20B according to the present embodiment has the dichroic prism. 24, in which dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B are used.

The dichroic mirror 30R has a structure in which a pair of mirror halves each having an interference film configured to reflect red on the surface are joined to be flat, and the dichroic mirror 30B is A pair of mirror halves, each having an interference film configured to reflect blue on the surface, are joined to be flat. The dichroic mirror 30R and the dichroic mirror 30B are disposed so as to be orthogonal. That is, the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B are configured to be combined in an X-shape.

The dichroic mirrors 30R, 30R
As with the dichroic prism 24 used in the first embodiment, the reflection characteristics of 0B are configured so that the characteristics are different between the mirror on the light source side and the mirror on the projection side. With the above configuration, the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B are
The configuration has the same function as the dichroic prism 24 in the first embodiment. However, in the configuration of the present embodiment in which the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B are combined in an X-shape, it is conceivable that the center position of the combination (the X-shaped intersection) becomes a shadow of display.

In this embodiment, the optical path of the light from the light source 21 is obliquely incident on the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B so as to avoid the combination center position. The incident angle is set, for example, to about 20 to 30 degrees. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent a shadow from being projected on an image and to prevent deterioration of the image.

However, in the configuration in which the incident light is obliquely incident on the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B as described above, since the light also enters the projection lens 27 obliquely, strong tilting occurs. Therefore, in this embodiment,
The optical axis of the projection lens 27 is shifted with respect to the optical axis of the light reflected by the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B, and a correction is performed by adding a reverse tilt (an image is extremely away from the apparatus). To correct).

Thus, also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the reflection type liquid crystal projector 20A while realizing high-quality image projection. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 shows a reflective liquid crystal projector 20C according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In the first embodiment, the light from the light source 21 is incident on each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B from an oblique direction. On the other hand, the reflective liquid crystal projector device 20C according to the present embodiment directs the light from the light source 21 substantially perpendicularly to each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26.
B (that is, the optical axis of the light from the light source 21 is substantially perpendicular to each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B), and each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26R.
The reflected light from the G and 26B is reflected by a small reflecting mirror 32 installed in front of the light source 21 and guided to the projection lens 27.

The reflection mirror 32 is installed on a shadow portion 21b (portion indicated by a broken line in the drawing) of a support portion 21a supporting a light emitting portion of the light source 21. That is, the support portion 21a is
The light from the light source 21 is blocked by the supporting portion 21a to form a shadow portion 21b because the light source 21 is disposed on the side where the dichroic prism 24 is disposed. Since almost no light is present in the shadow portion 21b, even if the reflection mirror 32 is provided in the shadow portion 21b, the amount of light emitted from the light source 21 does not decrease.

According to the structure of this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, a high contrast reflective liquid crystal projector 20
C can be realized. Further, by providing the reflection mirror 32 configured as described above, the light source 21 and the projection lens 27 can be arranged close to each other, and the size of the reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20C can be further reduced.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 shows a reflective liquid crystal projector 20D according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20D according to the present embodiment, the first dichroic filter 33 is disposed between the red reflection film 29R provided on the dichroic prism 24 and the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26R for red, and the dichroic A second dichroic filter 34 is provided between the blue reflective film 29B provided on the prism 24 and the reflective liquid crystal panel 26B for blue. In this embodiment, each dichroic filter 33, 34 is disposed at a predetermined position of the dichroic prism 24.

In the reflection type liquid crystal projector 20D having the structure of the present embodiment, the light emitted from the light source 21 is polarized in the traveling direction by the first polarizing plate 23 and then enters the entrance / exit surface 43 of the dichroic prism 24. Incident. In the dichroic prism 24, only the red light (R) is reflected by the red reflective film 29R, only the blue light (B) is reflected by the blue reflective film 29B, and the green light (G) passes through the respective reflective films 29R and 29B. Therefore, the white light emitted from the light source 21 is color-separated into RGB.

With the dichroic prism 24 configured to separate the colors as described above, the blue reflection film 29B functions as a high-pass filter, and the red reflection film 29R
Functions as a low-pass filter. Specifically, the red reflective film 29R has a cut wavelength (wavelength at which the reflectance becomes 50%) of 585 nm, and is configured to reflect light of 585 nm or more. Also, the blue reflection film 29
B has a cut wavelength of 540 nm, and
It is configured to reflect light of 0 nm or less. this is,
This is a wavelength necessary for obtaining the purity of the transmitted green component, and the light emitted from the light source 21 becomes green light having good purity by transmitting through the dichroic prism 24.

Incidentally, as a configuration different from the configuration of the present embodiment,
It is conceivable to provide a band filter (band pass filter) that reflects green light (G) in the dichroic prism. However, in this configuration, an appropriate cut ratio cannot be set as compared with the configuration using a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter as in the present embodiment, so that good characteristics cannot be obtained.

The green light transmitted through the dichroic prism 24 and color-separated has image information superimposed on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26G, and then enters the dichroic prism 24 again. As described above, the reflective liquid crystal panel 26G is used in normally black, so that the polarization direction is not changed in the pixel to which no voltage is applied, and the pixel is emitted in the same polarization direction as the incident light. It is absorbed by 25. In addition, since the polarization direction is rotated by 90 ° at the pixel to which the voltage is applied and emitted, the pixel passes through the second polarizing plate 25 and is projected on a screen (not shown) by the projection lens 27.

On the other hand, the red light component reflected by the dichroic prism 24 is strictly the yellow component (Ye) existing at the boundary between red (R) and green (G) in addition to the red component.
Also contains ingredients. This is a dichroic prism 24 set to obtain the color purity of the green component as described above.
However, there is a problem that the color purity of red cannot be secured as it is.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the first dichroic filter 33 is provided between the red light emitting surface of the dichroic prism 24 and the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R. In the present embodiment, the first dichroic filter 33 is configured to reflect only the yellow component having a wavelength of 595 nm or more.
Is reflected by the dichroic filter 33. On the other hand, the wavelength component of 595 or more passes through the first dichroic filter 33 and is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R.

At this time, the first dichroic filter 3
The component reflected at 3 is the yellow (Ye) component described above. The yellow (Ye) component reflected by the first dichroic filter 33 is reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26.
Since the light is not reflected by R, the polarization direction is not changed.
On the other hand, the reflected light reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R has a changed polarization direction.

The reflected light reflected by the first dichroic filter 33 and the reflected light reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26R are both returned to the dichroic prism 24 again.
Then, the light enters the second polarizing plate 25 from the entrance / exit surface 43 via the reflection mirror 35. At this time, since the polarization direction of the yellow (Ye) component light reflected by the first dichroic filter 33 is not changed as described above,
The light is absorbed by the second polarizing plate 25. On the other hand, the reflected light reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R changes its polarization direction, so that it passes through the second polarizing plate 25 and is projected on the screen via the projection lens 27. Therefore, unnecessary yellow (Y
e) No component is contained, and an image with high color purity can be generated.

On the other hand, the blue light component reflected by the dichroic prism 24 is strictly the blue component and the cyan (C) existing at the boundary between blue (B) and green (G).
It also contains the y) component, and if it is left as it is, there is a problem that blue color purity cannot be secured. Therefore, in this embodiment, the blue light emitting surface of the dichroic prism 24 and the reflective liquid crystal panel 2
6B, a second dichroic filter 34 is provided. In the present embodiment, the second dichroic filter 34 is configured to reflect only the cyan component of 510 nm or more, so that the cyan component of 510 nm or more is reflected by the second dichroic filter 34. On the other hand, wavelength components of 510 or less pass through the second dichroic filter 34 and are reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 2.
It is reflected at 6B.

At this time, the second dichroic filter 3
The component reflected by 3 is the above-mentioned cyan (Cy) component. Further, the reflected light of the cyan (Cy) component reflected by the second dichroic filter 34 is not reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26B, so that the polarization direction is not changed. On the other hand, the reflected light reflected by the reflective liquid crystal panel 26B has a changed polarization direction.

The reflected light reflected by the second dichroic filter 34 and the reflected light reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26B are both returned to the dichroic prism 24 again.
Then, the light enters the second polarizing plate 25 from the entrance / exit surface 43 via the reflection mirror 35. At this time, since the polarization direction of the cyan (Cy) component light reflected by the second dichroic filter 34 has not changed as described above,
The light is absorbed by the second polarizing plate 25. On the other hand, the reflected light reflected by the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26B has its polarization direction changed, so that it passes through the second polarizing plate 25 and is projected on the screen via the projection lens 27. Therefore, unnecessary cyan (C
y) is not included, and an image with high color purity can be generated.

As described above, according to the reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20D of the present embodiment, the device can be obtained by simply adding the first and second dichroic filters 33 and 34 to the device of the configuration of the first embodiment. It is possible to improve the color purity and the efficiency without changing the structure. The cut wavelength required for the first and second dichroic filters 33 and 34 needs to be fine-tuned by the cut wavelength characteristics of the reflection films 29R and 29B provided on the dichroic prism 24. According to the specifications of the reflection films 29R and 29B which are generally used, the cut wavelength of the first dichroic filter 33 is 565 to 600 nm.
, And the cut wavelength of the second dichroic filter 34 may be set in the range of 490 to 530 nm.

In place of the dichroic prism 24 used in the above-described embodiment, an X-DM (cross-shaped) in which a dichroic mirror similar to that used in the second embodiment is arranged in an X-shape as a member having the same function. It is also possible to use a dichroic mirror). However, in this case, a filter cannot be formed on the exit surface of the dichroic prism 24 (this plane does not exist in the cross-dichroic prism). Therefore, when a dichroic mirror is used, the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26
The dichroic filters 33 and 34 are directly disposed on the R and 26B, or the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R and 26B
The same effect as that of the fourth embodiment can be realized by separately disposing them at positions between the and the dichroic mirror.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 shows a reflective liquid crystal projector 20E according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the above-described fourth embodiment, the configuration using the dichroic prism 24 has been described. However, in the present embodiment, a configuration using the polarization splitting prism 36 and the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B instead of the dichroic prism 24 is adopted.

The reflection type liquid crystal projector 2 shown in FIG.
0E, the light emitted from the light source 21
Then, the linearly polarized light is extracted by the polarization splitting prism 36, and the traveling direction is bent by 90 °, and the light enters the dichroic mirrors 30R and 30B. As in the case of the above-described fourth embodiment, the dichroic mirror 30R (for red reflection)
Functions as a low-pass filter, and the dichroic mirror 30R (for blue reflection) functions as a high-pass filter.

With this configuration, better characteristics can be obtained as compared with a configuration using a bandpass filter that reflects green light. In addition, each dichroic mirror 30
Regarding the cut wavelengths of R and 30B, the dichroic mirror 30R is set to 585 nm and the dichroic mirror 30B is set to 540 nm, as in the fourth embodiment, to ensure the color purity of green light.

On the other hand, as for the red light component and the blue light component, unnecessary components (yellow (Ye) component,
Cyan (Cy) component). Therefore, a first dichroic filter 33 is provided on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R for red, and a second dichroic filter 34 is provided on the reflective liquid crystal panel 26B for blue.

As a result, the same functions and effects as those of the fourth embodiment can be realized, and the yellow (Ye) reflected by the first dichroic filter 33 whose polarization direction has not changed.
The component and the cyan (Cy) component reflected by the second dichroic filter 34 are absorbed by the second polarizer 25. Therefore, the light incident on the projection lens 27 is a light beam having sufficiently high color purity, and the color purity can be efficiently secured because a band-pass filter that does not provide steep cut characteristics is not used.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 shows a reflective liquid crystal projector 20F according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20F according to the present embodiment is
1, UV / IR filter 37, first cylindrical lens 38, reflection mirror 39, first polarizing plate 23, dichroic prism 24, second cylindrical lens 4
1R, 41G, 41B, reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26
G, 26B, a triangular prism 40, a second polarizing plate 25, a projection lens 27, and the like.

In this reflection type liquid crystal projector device 20F, the light emitted from the light source 21 and converted into parallel light by the reflector 22 is cut off the ultraviolet / infrared component by the UV / IR filter 37, and then the first cylindrical lens Incident on the surface. The first cylindrical lens 38 is configured to collect light only in the color separation direction of the dichroic prism 24. The focal length of the first cylindrical lens 38 is set such that the light beam emitted from the first cylindrical lens 38 has a focal point near the incident surface of the dichroic prism 24.

The outgoing light (illumination light) emitted from the first cylindrical lens 38 has its traveling direction bent by the reflection mirror 39 and obliquely enters the entrance / exit surface 43 of the dichroic prism 24. At this time, the incident position of the light beam is set to be offset in the color separation direction of the dichroic prism 14. The dichroic prism 24 is, for example, a cube of 40 mm square. As described above, the red reflective film 29R and the blue reflective film 29B are disposed inside the dichroic prism 24 at right angles, and provided at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the incident / exit surface 43. Have been. Therefore, the light (white light) incident on the dichroic prism 24 transmits the green light (G), and reflects the red light (R) and the blue light (B) in a predetermined direction. Thus, the light incident on the dichroic prism 24 is
Each reflection type liquid crystal panel 2 is color-separated into RGB color components.
Head to 6R, 26G, 26B.

In this embodiment, each reflective liquid crystal panel 26
A second cylindrical lens 41 is provided on R, 26G and 26B.
R, 41G, 41B are physically integrated (optically bonded)
It is arranged to be. Accordingly, each color light separated by the dichroic prism 24 exits the dichroic prism 24 and then passes through the second cylindrical lens 4.
1R, 41G, 41B, each reflective liquid crystal panel 26
R, 26G, and 26B. Since the second cylindrical lenses 41R, 41G, and 41B and the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B are optically bonded as described above, generation of a ghost image and light amount loss due to interface reflection do not occur. .

When the color lights separated as described above enter the respective reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B, the respective reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B are arranged in parallel with the dichroic prism 24. Therefore, light is obliquely incident on each of the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 26B. For this reason, each reflective liquid crystal panel 2
Reflected light (image light) reflected by 6R, 26G, 26B
Is the same as the dichroic prism 2
4, but the position of the arrival surface is offset in the opposite direction to that at the time of incidence. That is, the incident position of the illumination light and the emission position of the image light on the entrance / exit surface 43 are:
Each is an independent position.

[0109] Accordingly, in the light rays in the dichroic prism 24, the reflection films 29R and 29R of the incident light are reflected.
The angles of incidence on B are about 56 ° and about 34 °. For this reason, the incident light is S-polarized light, and the incident light is 56 ° at the time of incidence and 34 ° at the time of emission in the red reflective film 29R.
In this case, the angle is 34 ° at the time of incidence and 56 ° at the time of emission. Therefore,
The incident angle of the incident light on the red reflective film 29R is θr (= 56
°) and the incident angle of the incident light on the blue reflective film 29B is θb
(= 34 °), the configuration satisfies the relationship θb <θr.

As a result, in each of the reflection films 29R and 29B, the change in the DP cut wavelength of the dichroic prism 24 due to the angle difference between the incident light and the outgoing light and the cut wavelength shift due to the polarization direction can be reversed, and compensation can be made. This is because, in general, when the cut wavelength of a light beam incident on a reflection film (interference film) provided on a dichroic prism is a red reflection film: (P-polarized light cut wavelength)> (S
(Cut wavelength of polarized light) For blue reflective film: (Cut wavelength of P-polarized light) <(Cut wavelength of S-polarized light) For red reflective film: (Cut wavelength for large incident angle)
> (Cut wavelength at incident angle "small") For blue reflective film: (cut wavelength at incident angle "large") <
(Cut wavelength at the incident angle “small”).

As described above, in the present embodiment, the dichroic prism 24 and the optical axes of the reflection type liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B are inclined with respect to the optical axis of light, so that the projected image can be obtained. Astigmatism occurs. Therefore, in order to suppress the occurrence of astigmatism, in the present embodiment, the triangular prism 40 for image correction is arranged between the dichroic prism 24 and the projection lens 27.

The triangular prism 40 is configured to be physically integrated (optically bonded) with the dichroic prism 24. Also, the vertex angle θa of the triangular prism 40,
The angle θb between the light emitted from the dichroic prism 24 and the normal to the light exit surface of the dichroic prism 24 is configured to satisfy θa ≒ θb. The triangular prism 40 having the above configuration is connected to the dichroic prism 2.
By arranging it between the projection lens 4 and the projection lens 27, the light beam directed to the projection lens 27 is given an opposite aberration to that of the dichroic prism 24 by the triangular prism 40, so that the aberration can be corrected as a whole. As a result, it is possible to obtain a good projection image without aberration.

As is apparent from the above description, in the reflection type liquid crystal projector 20F according to the present embodiment, the polarization splitting prism 12 (see FIG. 1) conventionally used for color separation of the incoming and outgoing light becomes unnecessary. Split projection lens 27
(The back focus of the projection lens 27) between the LCD panel and the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, 26B.
Further, in the present embodiment, the convergence direction of the first and second cylindrical lenses 38, 41R, 41G, 41B and the direction of color separation by the dichroic prism 24 are configured to match. As a result, light can be collected without disturbing polarization.

Now, it is assumed that the convergence directions of the first and second cylindrical lenses 38, 41R, 41G, 41B and the direction of color separation by the dichroic prism 24 have a convergence action in a different direction. The relationship between the light beam and each of the reflecting surfaces 29R and 29B is a relationship other than P / S (P
−S mixture), polarization disorder occurs, and the first
The polarizing plate 23 of this type leads to a decrease in the degree of polarization of the light that has been converted into linearly polarized light. This appears as a decrease in the contrast of the displayed image. However, with the configuration of the present embodiment described above, light can be collected without disturbing polarization.

Thus, the dichroic prism 24
In addition, the size of the entire optical system can be reduced, and thus the size of the reflective liquid crystal projector device 20F can be reduced. In the above-described embodiment, plano-convex lenses are used as the second cylindrical lenses 41R, 41G, and 41B, and the reflective liquid crystal panels 26R, 26G, and 2 are used on the plane side.
6B was optically bonded, but the arrangement structure of the second cylindrical lens is not limited to this.
As shown in FIG. 8, the second cylindrical lenses 41R, 41G and 41B made of plano-convex lenses are arranged in the opposite direction to the example shown in FIG.
4 may be physically integrated (optically bonded).

Further, as shown in FIG.
The space between the convex surface of the second cylindrical lens 41R, 41G, 41B and the dichroic prism 24 (or the reflection type liquid crystal panel 26R, 26G, 26B) facing the second cylindrical lens 41R, 41G, 41B is filled with a transparent material such as R, 42G, 42B. Prism 24, second cylindrical lens 4
1R, 41G, 41B, and the reflective liquid crystal panel 26R,
26G and 26B may be integrated. In the case of this configuration, each reflective liquid crystal panel 26
By performing pixel alignment between R, 26G, and 26B, there is no risk of subsequent displacement, and the support cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

The reflection type liquid crystal projector devices 20A to 20H according to the first to sixth embodiments described above are similar to those shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1A, illumination light (incident light) and image light (emitted light) enter and exit along a color separation direction surface 51 extending in the color separation direction of the dichroic prism 24 (dichroic cross prism). Was configured to do so. In contrast, in the reflection type projector devices 50A to 50E according to the embodiments described below, as shown in FIG. 10B, the illumination light (incident light) and the image light (outgoing light) pass through the dichroic prism 24. It is configured to enter and exit along a surface extending in a direction perpendicular to the color separation direction surface 51 extending in the color separation direction (hereinafter, referred to as a vertical direction surface 52). As described above, the directions of the illumination light (incident light) and the image light (emission light) entering and exiting the dichroic prism 24 may be along the color separation direction surface 51 or along the vertical direction surface 52. In any case, the size of the projector device can be reduced.

Next, a description will be given of a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 shows a reflective projector 50A according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11A is a plan view of the reflective projector 50A, and FIG. 11B is a side view of the reflective projector 50A. FIG. The reflection type projector device 50A according to the present embodiment includes a light source 21 that generates irradiation light, a reflector 22 that reflects illumination light as substantially parallel light, and imparts predetermined polarization characteristics (for example, S-polarized light) to the irradiation light. A polarizing plate 54, a dichroic cross prism 57 having a characteristic whose reflection characteristic differs depending on the polarized light,
The light source 21 includes a polarization control element 55A having a color generation function of generating light incident on the dichroic cross prism 57, and reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B arranged near the dichroic cross prism 57 (light source 21). , The reflector 22, the polarizing plate 54, and the polarization control element 55A constitute an illumination system 53A).

Then, the dichroic cross prism 5
A small optical system is realized by realizing the irradiating light incident on and the image light emerging from the same through the same surface (this surface is referred to as an input / output surface 71). The polarization control element 55A having a color generation function filters the light in the wavelength band used for each of the RGB colors, and changes the polarization plane of the light in the desired wavelength band among the incident lights by 90 ° with respect to the propagation direction of the light as an axis. Has a function to rotate. FIG. 12 shows a wavelength band generated by the polarization control element 55A having a color generation function. The illumination light generated in this way has a required wavelength band, and light (for example, G) of a part of the band is a mixture of light whose polarization has been rotated.

When this illuminating light is incident on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57 (functioning as a color separating / combining means) whose reflection characteristics differ depending on the polarization, P
Light in the G wavelength band, which is polarized light, is transmitted, and RB is reflected in the color separation direction (see FIG. 10). still,
R and B are configured so that the reflected directions are different. The illumination light guided to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B is P-polarized light or S-polarized light (as defined by the polarization plane of the light passing through the dichroic cross prism 57).

Each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B
Illumination light guided to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56R
The image information is superimposed by being reflected by G and 56B. FIG. 13 shows reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B.
1 shows an example of a reflective display element that can be applied as an example.
As shown in the figure, the reflective display element 56-1 is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal panel 59 and a polarizing plate 58.

Therefore, each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56R
A polarizing plate 58 is disposed between the G, 56B and the dichroic cross prism 57, and only light in the required polarization plane direction returns to the dichroic cross prism 57. That is, the direction of the polarization plane of the light reflected from the reflective display element 56-1 needs to be dependent on the direction of the polarization plane of the incident light. Specifically, if the light incident on the reflective display element 56-1 is S-polarized, the reflected light is also S-polarized.

Then, the reflective display elements 56R, 56R of each color
The image light reflected by the 6G and 56B passes through the dichroic cross prism 57 with the same polarization plane as the incident polarization plane, and after the images are combined (the combined light is called image light). The light is emitted from the emission surface 71 toward the projection lens 27. The image light is imaged on a screen (not shown) by the projection lens 27.

At this time, the dichroic cross prism 5
Since the reflection angle is controlled so that the emission angle of the image light is different from the incident angle of the irradiation light to the illumination light 7, the illumination light and the image light can be separated, and the conventional illumination light and the image light are separated. This eliminates the need for the polarization splitting prism used in the above-described method, and can reduce the size of the reflection type projector device 50A.

As described above, according to the reflection type projector device 50A of the present embodiment, the input / output surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57 serving as a color separation / color combining means can be used as an illumination light incident surface, Since it also functions as a light exit surface, the optical system from the light source 21 to the projection lens 27 can be simplified, and the size of the reflective projector device 50A can be reduced. Further, since the polarization control element 55A having a color generation function has a very sharp separation characteristic as compared with a bandpass filter conventionally used as a color generation means, it is possible to obtain a very sharp and high-quality projected image. Can be.

Next, a specific configuration of each component of the reflective projector device 50A having the above configuration will be described. 14 to 16 show embodiments of the polarization control element having a color generation function. A polarization control element 55B shown in FIG. 14A has a flat RB reflection dichroic mirror 60 having a function of reflecting R and B light, and a flat G reflection dichroic mirror having a function of reflecting G light. 61, a λ / 4 sheet 62 is interposed. Each dichroic mirror 60, 61 and λ
The シ ー ト sheet 62 is optically joined to the シ ー ト sheet 62.

The polarization control element 55C shown in FIG.
Is a λ / λ between an element A 63 having a dichroic reflection surface 65 having a function of reflecting R and B light and an element B 64 having a dichroic reflection surface 66 having a function of reflecting G light. The configuration is such that four sheets 62 are interposed. The element A63 has a concave curved surface on the incident side and a flat surface on the λ / 4 sheet side.
Has a flat surface on the λ / 4 sheet side and a convex curved surface on the opposite side. Each element 63, 64 and λ / 4
The sheet 62 is optically bonded. Each of the polarization control elements 55B and 55C is configured to realize a reflection characteristic as shown in FIG.

The polarization control elements 55B, 5 having the above-described configuration
When irradiation with light (for example, S-polarized light) having a uniform polarization plane is incident on 5C, the RB reflection dichroic mirror 60 on the incident side is incident.
Alternatively, light in the RB wavelength band is reflected by the dichroic reflection surface 65. The light (G) that has passed through the RB reflection dichroic mirror 60 and the dichroic reflection surface 65
Is converted from linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light by the λ / 4 sheet 62. The circularly polarized light is reflected only by light of a desired wavelength band by the G reflection dichroic mirror 61 or the dichroic reflection surface 66 on the back side.

The reflected light passes through the λ / 4 sheet 62 again, and is converted into a plane of polarization orthogonal to the incident polarized light. Thus, light having a desired RGB band and a polarization plane orthogonal to only the G band can be generated.
At this time, the polarization control element 55C shown in FIG. 15 has a configuration in which a λ / 4 sheet 62 is inserted into the flat portions of the plano-convex and plano-concave elements so as to be compatible with a dichroic mirror of an arbitrary shape. It is not necessary to form the / 4 sheet 62 in the same shape as the reflection surface, and the polarization control element 55
This makes it possible to improve the function and cost of C.

The polarization control elements 55B and 55C for generating circularly polarized light shown in FIGS. 14A and 15 are provided between a pair of dichroic mirrors 60 and 61 or between a pair of dichroic reflecting surfaces 65 and 66. Although the configuration is such that one λ / 4 sheet 62 is interposed, the configuration of the polarization control element that generates circularly polarized light is not limited to this, and is between a pair of dichroic mirrors 60 and 61 or a pair of dichroic. As shown in FIG. 14B, a λ / 2 sheet 99 and a λ / 4 sheet 62 may be interposed between the reflecting surfaces 65 and 66 in an array.
As shown in (C), a plurality of λ / 4 sheets 62A to 62C
May be interposed in the form of an array.

FIGS. 17 to 24 show the reflection type display element 56.
Each embodiment of R, 56G, and 56B is shown. 17 to 23 show an embodiment using a reflection type liquid crystal panel 59, and FIG. 24 shows an embodiment using a micromirror device. The reflective display element 56 shown in FIGS.
-1 is constituted by the reflective liquid crystal panel 59 and the polarizing plate 58. The reflective liquid crystal panel 59 has a configuration in which a liquid crystal 69 is sealed between a pair of substrates 67 and 68. Further, the reflection type display element 56 shown in FIGS.
-2 represents a λ between the polarizing plate 58 and the reflective liquid crystal panel 59 in the reflective display element 56-1 shown in FIGS.
A ４ plate 70 (the polarizing plate 58 and the λ / 4 plate 70 function as light intensity modulation elements) is provided. 18 and 21 show the liquid crystal state with the power turned on, and FIGS. 19 and 22 show the liquid crystal state with the power turned off.

As described above, the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B need to have a function of reflecting light in a state where the direction of the plane of polarization of incident light is dependent. The reflection type display element 56-1 shown in FIGS.
In this case, the reflection type liquid crystal panel 59 has a function of λ / 4 phase modulation, and realizes a function equivalent to λ / 2 in reciprocation. The intensity modulation is performed by controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 69.

On the other hand, in the reflective display element 56-2 shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the λ / 4 in the reflective display element 56-1 is used.
Is realized by a λ / 4 plate 70 (phase sheet), and the reflection type liquid crystal panel 59 is configured to change the degree of polarization and perform intensity modulation. Further, in the above embodiment, the example in which the plate-like λ / 4 plate 70 is used as the phase sheet has been described, but the phase sheet is not necessarily limited to the plate-like one, and a sheet-like thing may be used. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which λ / 2 sheets are overlapped for correction.

Further, the polarizing plate 58 and the phase sheet 70 need not necessarily be arranged on the reflection type liquid crystal display panel 59, and may be arranged on the dichroic cross prism 57 as shown in FIG. 23, for example. FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which a polarizing plate 58 is provided on the dichroic cross prism 57 together with the λ / 4 plate 70. On the other hand, FIG.
Is a reflective display element 5 using a micromirror device.
6-4 are shown. The reflective display element 56-4 shown in FIG.
Is configured to have a large number of micromirrors 74 disposed on a substrate 73 in pixel units.

The micromirror 74 maintains a state parallel to the substrate 73 as shown in FIG. 24B when the power is turned on by a driving means (not shown), and as shown in FIG. 24C when the power is turned off. It is configured to be driven to have a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate 73. Reflective display element 56-4 having micromirror 74 configured as described above.
Since the incident light is reflected by the micromirror 74, the polarization plane of the reflected light depends on the incident light. Further, the intensity modulation can be realized by controlling the power ON / OFF time for the driving unit that drives the micromirror 74.

FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 show embodiments of the dichroic cross prism and the mode of light entering and exiting the dichroic cross prism. However, in any of the embodiments, the entrance surface of the illumination light and the exit surface of the image light are connected to the dichroic cross prism 57A,
57B is an input / output surface 71 that is one surface. still,
In each figure, (A) shows a state in which the dichroic cross prisms 57A and 57B are viewed in plan, and (B) shows
Indicates a state in which the dichroic cross prisms 57A and 57B are viewed from the side.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 25, on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57A, the entrance 76A into which the illumination light enters and the exit 77A from which the image light exits are spatially separated from each other. It is characterized in that it is configured to be. At this time, since the image light is emitted obliquely from the entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57A, the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and the like pass through the glass constituting the dichroic cross prism 57A.
A trapezoidal distortion is generated at an angle of 56B. Therefore, in order to correct this, the image distortion correcting prism 75A is disposed on the exit 77A side (in the following description, FIG.
The dichroic cross prism 57A having the configuration shown in FIG. 5 is referred to as an independent dichroic cross prism 57A).

On the other hand, the embodiment shown in FIG. 26 is characterized in that the illumination light and the image light are separated at an angle on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57A to be independent. . In the case of this configuration, it is impossible to separate the entrance 76B into which the illumination light enters and the exit 77B from which the image light exits on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57A in an independent state. Therefore, the entrance 76B and the exit 77B are in an overlapping state (see FIG. 26B). Along with this, the image distortion correction prism 75B is disposed on the entire entrance / exit surface 71 of the dichroic cross prism 57A (in the following description, FIG.
The dichroic cross prism 57B shown in FIG. 6 is referred to as an overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B).

Next, with reference to FIGS. 27 to 30, each embodiment of the reflection type projector device configured by combining the above-described components will be described. 27A to FIG. 30A show the main configuration of the reflection type projector device in plan view.
FIG. 2B shows a main configuration of the reflection type projector apparatus as viewed from the side.

FIG. 27 shows a reflection type projector 50B according to the eighth embodiment. In the reflection type projector device 50B shown in FIG. 14, the polarization control element 55C described above with reference to FIG. 15 is deformed to be a flat plate-like state as the polarization control element 55D having the color generation function. (Ie, a modification of the polarization control element 55C).
However, the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B described with reference to FIG. 26 is used as the dichroic cross prism. The polarization control element 55D having the above configuration has a configuration having a cylindrical curved surface.

The illumination light emitted from the light source 21 constituting the illumination system 53A is converted into substantially parallel light by the parabolic reflector 22, and then converted into an anamorphic optical system (an optical system having different magnifications in the horizontal and vertical directions). System), the light is guided to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B. In the vertical direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 27B), the first cylindrical lens array 78, the third cylindrical lens array 80, and the condenser lens 81 function.
At this time, the opening shape of the first cylindrical lens array 78 is adjusted by the third cylindrical lens array 80 and the condenser lens 81 to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 5G.
Image is formed on 6B. Here, the condenser lens 81 has a function of forming an image of the principal ray of light from each of the lens arrays 78 and 80 at the center of each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G and 56B.

On the other hand, in the horizontal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 27A), the second cylindrical lens array 79, the polarization conversion optical element 82, the condenser lens 81, and the polarization control element 55D (having a cylindrical curved surface) Works. The polarization conversion optical element 8 used in this embodiment
No. 2 utilizes calcite 91 which is a uniaxial crystal as a polarization splitting element, as will be described later with reference to FIG. By passing one polarized light of the separated illumination light through the λ / 2 plate 89 in an array by the calcite 91, light having a desired polarization plane direction can be generated.

The illuminating light imaged by the second cylindrical lens array 79 is aligned in one direction of polarization by the polarization conversion optical element 82, and is emitted like light from a plurality of linear light sources (or point light sources). You. This irradiation light is condensed by the condenser lens 81 to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 5
Imaged on 6B. The curved surface shape of the front surface and the back surface of the polarization control element 55D having a cylindrical curved surface and a color generating function is configured to have a function of converting light from each line light source into substantially parallel light. Therefore, the irradiation light having a desired wavelength band is incident on the input / output surface 71 of the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B in a desired polarization plane direction by the polarization control element 55D.

The incident illumination light is color-separated by the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B, and each color (R, G, B) is emitted from the corresponding surface. Overlap type dichroic cross prism 5
As shown in FIG. 23, a polarizing plate 58 and a .lambda ./. Lambda.
Four plates 70 are arranged in this order of the polarizing plate 58 and the λ / 4 plate 70.

Each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B
Are reflected by the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B, and then emitted from the entrance / exit surface 71 toward the projection lens 27. The projection lens 27 includes reflection type display elements 56R, 56G, 56B.
Is enlarged and projected. As shown in FIG. 23, a field lens 72 is provided immediately before the liquid crystal display panel 59.
Can suppress the spread of light by putting
Therefore, the diameter of the projection lens 27 can be reduced. Therefore, the reflection type projector 5
OB can be reduced in size.

In this embodiment, three cylindrical lens arrays are used. However, the first cylindrical lens array 78 and the second cylindrical lens array 79 are used.
Can be realized as a lens array on the same substrate. Further, the cylindrical lens arrays 78 and 80 functioning in the horizontal direction and the polarization conversion optical element 55
D, vertical functioning cylindrical lens array 7
The arrangement position of 9 can be changed by selecting the focal length. Further, the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B
Any element can be used as long as it reflects without disturbing polarized light. Specifically, the reflective display element 56-4 using the micromirror 74 described with reference to FIG. 24 can also be used. It is possible.

Here, a modification of the reflection type projector 50B according to the eighth embodiment will be described. FIG. 41 shows a reflection type projector device 50 according to the eighth embodiment.
14 shows a reflection type projector device 50F which is a modified example of B. Reflection type projector device 50 according to the eighth embodiment
As B, as described above, a polarization conversion optical element 82 having a configuration using calcite 91 which is a uniaxial crystal was used. On the other hand, a reflection type projector device 50F according to the present modification is characterized in that a polarization conversion optical element 82B described later with reference to FIG. 32 is used as a polarization conversion optical element.

The polarization conversion optical element 82B is composed of a first lens array 86, a second lens array 87, and a polarization separation prism array 88 (hereinafter, referred to as a PBS array). A rectangular λ / 2 plate 89 is provided on the side of the 87 that faces the condenser lens 81. Also, the first lens array 8
6 is set so that an image is formed by the second lens array 37, and the condensing lens 81 collects light from a number of lenses constituting the second lens array 37 in one place. Illumination areas on the reflective display elements 56R, 56B, 56G are made rectangular.

According to the reflection-type projector device 50F having the above-described structure, the polarization control element 55E is formed by a flat plate in order to make the illumination area on each of the reflection-type display elements 56R, 56B, and 56G in the polarization conversion optical element 82B rectangular. Therefore, the component cost of the polarization control element 55E can be reduced, and the adjustment cost can be reduced because the centering is not required.

Next, a reflection type projector 50C according to a ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The reflection type projector device 50C according to the present embodiment includes the polarization control element 55C described with reference to FIG.
And the stand-alone dichroic cross prism 57A described with reference to FIG. 25 is used as the dichroic cross prism.

The illumination light emitted from the light source 21 is converted into substantially parallel light by the parabolic reflector 22, and is converted into a cylindrical lens array 83, a polarization conversion optical element 82, and a condenser lens 81.
Are incident on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the independent dichroic cross prism 57A through the reflection type display elements 56R, 56R.
The light is guided to 6G and 56B. The function of the illumination system 53B is the same as that of the reflection type projector device 50B according to the eighth embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 27, but in this embodiment, even when the polarization control element 55C is viewed from the side, the curved surface is curved. Therefore, the illumination light is configured to be incident from the entrance 76A of the independent dichroic cross prism 57A.

The incident illumination light is color-separated by a stand-alone dichroic cross prism 57A, and each color (R, R,
G, B) from the surface corresponding to each reflective display element 56R, 5R.
The light is emitted toward 6G and 56B. The light reflected by each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B is combined by the independent dichroic cross prism 57A and then emitted from the entrance / exit surface 71 toward the projection lens 27. The projection lens 27 is connected to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56R.
The images generated in 6G and 56B are enlarged and projected.

FIG. 42 shows a reflection type projector 50G which is a modification of the reflection type projector 50C according to the ninth embodiment. The reflection type projector device 50G according to the present modification uses the polarization conversion optical element 82B shown in FIG. 32 as the polarization conversion optical element in the same manner as the reflection type projector device 50F described above with reference to FIG. The lens diameter of the first lens array 86 is set so that an image is formed by the second lens array 37, and the condenser lens 81 collects light of a number of lenses constituting the second lens array 37 in one place. Each reflective display element 56R,
The illumination areas on 56B and 56G are configured to be rectangular.

Accordingly, the polarization control element 55E can be formed of a flat plate also by the reflection type projector device 50G according to the present modification, and thus the polarization control element 55E can be formed.
And the adjustment cost can be reduced because the centering is not required. Subsequently, FIG.
10 is a reflection type projector device 5 according to the tenth embodiment.
0D will be described.

The reflection type projector device 5 according to the present embodiment.
0D is a polarization control element having a color generation function as shown in FIG.
4, and the overlap-type dichroic cross prism 57B is used as the dichroic cross prism. Illumination light emitted from the light source 21 constituting the illumination system 53C is applied to the parabolic reflector 2
The light is converted into substantially parallel light by 2 and then guided to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B using an anamorphic optical system (an optical system having different magnifications in the horizontal and vertical directions). In the vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 29B), the first cylindrical lens array 78, the third cylindrical lens array 80, and the condenser lens 8
1. The curved mirror 84 functions. Here, the condenser lens 8
1 and the curved mirror 84 are respectively connected to a lens array 78,
It has the function of forming an image of the principal ray of light from 80 at the center of the panel.

On the other hand, in the horizontal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 29A), the second cylindrical lens array 79, the polarization conversion optical element 55B, the condenser lens 81, and the curved mirror 84 function. The illumination light imaged by the second cylindrical lens array 79 is aligned to a polarization plane in one direction by the polarization conversion optical element 55B, and is emitted like light from a plurality of linear light sources (or point light sources).
This illumination light is focused on each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B by the condenser lens 81.

The polarization control element 55B is located before the third cylindrical lens array 80 (on the front side in the light traveling direction).
To generate light having a desired wavelength band and emit the light in a desired polarization plane direction. The illumination light emitted from the polarization control element 55B enters the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B from the entrance / exit surface 71 via the reflection mirror 84.

The incident illumination light is color-separated by the overlap type dichroic cross prism 57B, and each color (R, G, B) is reflected from each reflection type display element 5 from the corresponding surface.
The light is emitted toward 6R, 56G, and 56B. The light reflected by each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B is reflected by the overlap type dichroic cross prism 5.
After being synthesized by 7B, the light is emitted from the entrance / exit surface 71 toward the projection lens 27. The projection lens 27 enlarges and projects an image generated by each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B.

Next, the reflection type projector 50E of the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The reflection type projector device 50E according to the present embodiment uses the flat polarization control element 55B described with reference to FIG. 14 as a polarization control element having a color generation function, and an independent dichroic cross prism as a dichroic cross prism. 57A is used.

The illumination light emitted from the light source 21 is converted into substantially parallel light by the parabolic reflector 22, and is converted into a substantially parallel light by the cylindrical lens array 83, the polarization conversion optical element 82, and the polarization control element 5.
5B, the light is incident on the entrance / exit surface 71 of the independent dichroic cross prism 57A via the condenser lens 81, and is guided to the respective reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B. The function of the illumination system 53D is the same as that of the reflective projector device 50D according to the tenth embodiment described above with reference to FIG.

The illumination light incident on the entrance / exit surface 71 is color-separated by the independent dichroic cross prism 57A, and is transmitted from the surface corresponding to each color (R, G, B) to each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B. And emitted. Then, the light reflected by each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, 56B is converted into an independent dichroic cross prism 57A.
And the projection lens 2
7 is emitted. The projection lens 27 enlarges and projects an image generated by each of the reflective display elements 56R, 56G, and 56B.

Next, the polarization conversion optical element used in each of the above embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. The polarization conversion optical elements 82A and 82B shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 have been conventionally used as polarization conversion optical elements. The reflection-type projector devices 50B to 50E according to the above-described embodiments can use the polarization conversion optical elements 82A and 82B which have been used in the related art (first described with reference to FIGS. 41 and 42). Reflection type projector devices 50F and 50G).

The polarization conversion optical element 82A shown in FIG.
The first lens array 86 includes a first lens array 86, a second lens array 87, and a polarization separation prism array 88 (hereinafter, referred to as a PBS array).
6 between the second lens array 87 and the PBS array 88
Is provided. The polarization conversion optical element 82B shown in FIG. 32 has a configuration in which the order of the PBS array 88 and the second lens array 87 is changed in the polarization conversion optical element 82A shown in FIG.

However, in the polarization conversion optical element 82A shown in FIG. 31, the pitch of the second lens array 87 is
The half of the pitch of the lens array 86, and the production becomes troublesome. On the other hand, the polarization conversion optical element 82 shown in FIG.
B can make the pitch of the second lens array 87 equal to the pitch of the first lens array 86, and has a high manufacturing advantage.

However, each polarization conversion optical element 8
2A and 82B, two lens arrays 8 for polarization conversion are used.
6,87 are required. 33 and 34
The polarization conversion optical elements 82C and 82D shown in (1) are characterized in that the second lens array 87 is eliminated. That is, in the polarization conversion optical elements 82A and 82B, the function of the second lens array 87 is changed to a polarization control element 55C having a curved surface (see FIG. 28) or a curved mirror 84.
(See FIG. 29).

The polarization conversion optical element 82A shown in FIG.
FIG. 34 shows an embodiment using a PBS array 88 as a polarization splitting element, and FIG. 34 shows an embodiment using a calcite 91 which is a uniaxial crystal as a polarization splitting element. Light having a desired polarization plane direction can be generated by passing one polarized light of the separated illumination light through the λ / 2 plate 89 in an array by the PBS array 88 or the calcite 91.

In each of the drawings, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of oscillation of the electric field (E) of light. Needless to say, a polarizer can be placed after the polarization conversion to improve the degree of polarization. The λ / 2 plate (λ / 2 retardation element) used in the present invention is not necessarily limited to one retardation plate. For example, a configuration in which retardation films or retardation films are arranged in an array. It may be.

By the way, in the reflection type projector devices 50A to 50E according to the above embodiments, as shown in FIG. 35, the polarizing plate 58 and the dichroic cross prism (in the figure, the overlap type dichroic cross prism 5 is used).
7B is taken as an example) and the polarizing plate 58 and the λ / 4 plate 70 are bonded with the adhesive 93A.
B (the polarizing plate 58 and the λ / 4 plate 70 function as light intensity modulation elements).

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
5 (B) is an enlarged view of the inside of the circle indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 35 (A)), interface reflection occurs at this joint interface, and this interface reflection light is reflected by the reflection type projector devices 50A to 50A.
It becomes noise light in the optical system constituting 50E. When the noise light generated in this way enters the projection lens 27 and is projected, there is a problem that the noise light is superimposed on the image and the quality of the displayed image is degraded.

FIGS. 36 to 38 are enlarged views showing the vicinity of the dichroic cross prism of the reflection type projector apparatus in which the deterioration of the quality of the displayed image due to the noise light is prevented. The reflection type projector device shown in FIG. 36 has a surface orientation of an optical element that generates noise light such as a polarizing plate 58 and a λ / 4 plate 70 (light intensity modulation element) and a surface orientation of a reflection type liquid crystal panel 59. Is changed. More specifically, a triangular prism 94 is provided on the λ / 4 plate 70 to change the emission directions of the image light and the noise light.

By changing the emission directions of the image light and the noise light in this way, it is possible to prevent the noise light from being incident on the projection lens 27. Therefore, the noise light does not overlap the image, and the quality of the displayed image can be improved. The means for changing the direction of the surface of the light intensity modulating element and the direction of the surface of the reflective liquid crystal panel 59 is a prism 9
4, other optical elements (for example,
It is also possible to use a wedge substrate 9 or the like.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 37, a prism 94 (or a wedge substrate) having an inclined surface is arranged between the field lens 72 and the dichroic cross prism 57B, so that the prism 94 has a different angle from the panel surface. This is characterized in that a polarizing plate 58 and a phase sheet (λ / 4 plate 70) are provided. Even in the configuration in which the field lens 72 is provided as in the present embodiment, noise light can be emitted at different angles.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 37, the image correction prism 75B and the prism 94 for removing noise light are separately provided on the dichroic cross prism 57B. On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 38, the configuration is simplified by disposing a prism 95 with an image correction function having both functions of the prisms 75B and 94 in FIG. In the configuration shown in FIG. 38, the size of the reflection type projector can be further reduced.

Incidentally, in the configuration of the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 37 and 38, the polarizing plate 58 and the phase sheet (λ
/ 4 plate 70) is sandwiched between the dichroic cross prism 57B made of glass and the prisms 94 and 95,
Difficult to release heat. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 39 and 40, a first gap 97A (gap) is formed between the λ / 4 plate 70 and the prism 95, and a second gap 97A is formed between the prism 95 and the field lens 72. A gap 97B is formed, and a field lens 72 and a reflective liquid crystal panel 59 are formed.
And a blowing means for forcibly supplying cooling air to each of the gaps 97A to 97C is provided.

According to the structure of this embodiment, the reflection type liquid crystal panel 59, the field lens 72, the polarizing plate 58, and the phase sheet (λ / 4 plate 70) can be efficiently cooled.
The reliability of the reflection type projector device can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 40, by inserting a pre-polarizing plate 98 between the polarizing plate 58 and the dichroic cross prism 57B, a configuration capable of coping with strong incident light (irradiation light) is also possible. Good.

In each of the above embodiments, the dichroic cross prism 5 functioning as a color separating / color combining means.
7, 57A, and 57B are configured to perform color separation / color synthesis with different reflection characteristics depending on the polarization, so that the polarization of the reflected light and the polarization of the transmitted light are different, and the illumination systems 53 and 53A.
To 53D are provided with polarization control elements 55A to 55D that change the polarization only in a predetermined wavelength band.

However, the color separating / color combining means (dichroic cross prism) does not necessarily have to be configured to perform color separation / color combining having different reflection characteristics depending on polarization. It is also possible to use a dichroic cross prism configured so that the polarization of transmitted light and that of transmitted light are equal, and provide a wavelength selection element for generating light in a predetermined wavelength band in the illumination system.

When the color separation / color combining means configured to make the polarization of the reflected light equal to the polarization of the transmitted light is used as compared with the reflection type projector devices 50A to 50E according to the above-described embodiments. It is conceivable that the brightness of the image decreases. However, as is apparent from the above description, the projector device 10 having the conventional configuration (see FIG. 1)
Obviously, the size can be reduced as compared with the case of (1).

As the wavelength selecting element applicable in this configuration, the polarization controlling element 55B described with reference to FIG. 14 constituted by the first and second selective wavelength reflecting layers reflecting a predetermined wavelength band can be used. It is possible to use the polarization control element 55C in which the shape of the surface on which the selective wavelength reflection layer described with reference to FIG. 15 is formed is flat or curved.

[0180]

According to the present invention as described above, the following various effects can be realized. According to the invention described in claims 1 to 4, and claims 10 to 21,
Eliminates the need for expensive polarizing beam splitters
An inexpensive display with good contrast can be obtained.

According to the fifth and fourteenth aspects of the present invention, low color purity / low efficiency, which is a problem when a highly efficient reflective liquid crystal panel is used, can be realized by a simple change. Thus, the performance of the reflection type projector can be improved. Further, according to the inventions described in claims 7 to 9, it is possible to realize a high-performance and high-efficiency reflection-type projector apparatus while reducing the size and cost.

Furthermore, according to the twenty-first aspect of the present invention, the emission directions of the image light and the noise light can be changed, and only the necessary image light can be emitted from the projection lens.
The display quality and the resolution can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device which is an example of a conventional example.

FIG. 2 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a main configuration diagram showing a modification of the reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention (part 1).

FIG. 9 is a main configuration diagram showing a modification of the reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention (part 2).

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the incident and exit directions of illumination light and image light with respect to a dichroic prism.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a reflective liquid crystal projector device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining characteristics of a dichroic cross prism.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining basic characteristics of a reflective display element.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a first example of the polarization control element.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a second example of the polarization control element.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing reflection characteristics of the dichroic mirror shown in FIGS. 14 and 15;

FIG. 17 is a view for explaining a first embodiment of the reflective display element (part 1).

FIG. 18 is a view for explaining the first embodiment of the reflective display element (part 2).

FIG. 19 is a view for explaining the first example of the reflective display element (part 3);

FIG. 20 is a view for explaining a second embodiment of the reflective display element (part 1).

FIG. 21 is a view for explaining a second embodiment of the reflective display element (part 2).

FIG. 22 is a view for explaining a second example of the reflective display element (part 3).

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a configuration in which a polarizing plate and a λ / 4 plate are provided on a dichroic cross prism surface.

FIG. 24 is a view for explaining a third embodiment of the reflective display element.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a dichroic cross prism having a configuration in which an entrance for incident light and an exit for image light are independent on an entrance / exit surface.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a dichroic cross prism having a configuration in which an entrance of incident light and an exit of image light overlap on an entrance / exit surface.

FIG. 27 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a reflective liquid crystal projector device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a main part configuration diagram of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a diagram for describing a first example of the polarization conversion optical element.

FIG. 32 is a view for explaining a second example of the polarization conversion optical element.

FIG. 33 is a view for explaining a third example of the polarization conversion optical element.

FIG. 34 is a view for explaining a fourth embodiment of the polarization conversion optical element.

FIG. 35 is a diagram for explaining the reason why noise light is generated.

FIG. 36 is a main part configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a dichroic cross prism of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a main part configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a dichroic cross prism of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device which is a first modification of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a main part configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a dichroic cross prism of a reflection type liquid crystal projector according to a second modification of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is a main part configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a dichroic cross prism of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a main part configuration diagram showing the vicinity of a dichroic cross prism of a reflection type liquid crystal projector device which is a modification of the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a main part configuration diagram of a modification of the reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a main part configuration diagram of a modification of the reflection type liquid crystal projector device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

20A-20H Reflective liquid crystal projector 21 Light source 23 First polarizer 24 Dichroic prism 25 Second polarizer 26R, 26G, 26B Reflective liquid crystal panel 27 Projection lenses 28A-28D Prism 29R Red reflective film 29B Blue reflective film 30R , 30B Dichroic mirrors 32, 35, 39 Reflecting mirror 36 Polarization separating prism 38 First cylindrical lens 40 Triangular prism 41R, 41G, 41B Second cylindrical lens 42R, 42G, 42B Low refractive resin 50A-50G Reflective projector device 51 Color separation direction surface 52 Vertical direction surface 53, 53A to 53D Illumination system 54, 58 Polarizer 55A to 55E Polarization control element 56-1 to 56-4, 56R, 56G, 56B Reflective display element 57, 57A, 57B Dichroic Cross prism 60 RB reflection dichroic mirror 61 G reflection dichroic mirror 62 λ / 4 sheet 65, 66 Dichroic reflection surface 69 Liquid crystal 70 λ / 4 plate 71 Input / output surface 72 Field lens 74 Micro mirror 75A, 75B Image correction prism 76A, 76B Inlet port 77A, 77B Outlet port 78 First cylindrical lens 79 Second cylindrical lens 80 Third cylindrical lens 81 Condensing lens 82, 82A to 82D Polarization conversion optical element 83 Cylindrical lens 86 First lens array 87 Second lens Lens array 89 λ / 2 plate 90 Lens array 91 Calcite 93A, 93B Adhesive 94 Prism 95 Prism with image correction function 96 λ / 4 sheet 97A-97C Gap 98 Pre-polarizing plate 99 λ / 2 Door

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuya Kobayashi 4-1-1, Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Toshihiro Suzuki 4-1-1, Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 1 Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Hisashi Yamaguchi 4-1-1, Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Takakazu Aritake 4 Kamikadanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture 1-1-1, Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Matsumoto 4-1-1, Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture 1-1-1 Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Shin Eguchi 4 Ueodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Fumio Yamagishi 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture Fujitsu Stock In-house F-term (reference) 2H088 EA14 EA16 HA13 HA18 HA21 HA24 HA28 MA20

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A reflection type projector device comprising: a light source; a reflection type liquid crystal panel; a color separation / color synthesis means for separating or / and synthesizing light from the light source into light of a predetermined color; and a projection lens. A first polarizing element is provided between the light source and the reflective liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing element is provided between the reflective liquid crystal panel and the projection lens. Reflective projector device. 2. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein said color separation / color synthesis means is provided between said light source and said reflection type liquid crystal panel and between said reflection type liquid crystal panel and said projection lens. A reflection-type projector device, wherein the reflection-type projector device is disposed at a position between the two. 3. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein a dichroic mirror is used as the color separation / color synthesis means, and the dichroic mirror is combined in an X-shape, and incident from the light source. When light and reflected light from the reflective liquid crystal panel pass through the dichroic mirror, the light axis passing position of each light passes through a position other than the combination center position of the dichroic mirror. Reflective projector device. 4. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein the light from the light source is incident on the reflection type liquid crystal panel substantially vertically, and the reflection light from the reflection type liquid crystal panel is provided in front of the light source. A reflection type projector device configured to be reflected by a mirror installed in the projector and guide the reflected light to the projection lens. 5. The reflective projector according to claim 1, wherein at least one dichroic filter is provided between the reflective liquid crystal panel and a film surface of an interference film provided in the color separation / color combining means. A reflection type projector, wherein the dichroic filter is a high-pass filter that transmits light of a set wavelength or more and reflects light of a set wavelength or less, and is disposed in front of a reflective liquid crystal panel for red. apparatus. 6. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein at least one dichroic filter is provided between the reflection type liquid crystal panel and a film surface of an interference film provided in the color separation / color synthesis means. Wherein the dichroic filter is a low-pass filter that transmits light having a wavelength equal to or less than a set wavelength and reflects light having a wavelength equal to or greater than the set wavelength, and is arranged in front of a reflective liquid crystal panel for blue. . 7. The reflection type projector device according to claim 1, wherein a dichroic prism is used as said color separation / color synthesis means, and a first cylindrical lens is provided between said reflection type liquid crystal panel and said dichroic prism. A reflection type projector device, which is provided. 8. The reflection type projector device according to claim 7, wherein a second cylindrical lens is disposed between the light source and the dichroic prism. 9. The reflection type projector device according to claim 7, wherein the convergence direction of the cylindrical lens is the same as the direction of the dichroic prism color separation. 10. An illumination system that generates illumination light having a predetermined wavelength band, a plurality of reflective display elements that generate image light by reflecting illumination light emitted from the illumination system, A reflection type projector having a color separation / color synthesis unit that separates illumination light into light of a predetermined color and synthesizes image light from the reflective display element, and a projection lens that projects the synthesized image light. An illumination device, wherein the illumination light is incident from the illumination system on an entrance / exit surface that is one surface of the color separation / color combining unit, and the image light is emitted from the entrance / exit surface toward the projection lens. By controlling the incident angle of the irradiation light or the image light with respect to the color separation / color combining means or the incident angle of the irradiation light or the image light with respect to the reflective display element. , The reflection type projector apparatus is characterized in that a configuration in which separating the image light and the illumination light. 11. The reflection type projector device according to claim 10, wherein said illumination light is incident from a direction in which an optical axis thereof is parallel to a plane including a color separation direction of said color separation / color synthesis means. A reflection type projector device characterized by the following. 12. The reflection type projector device according to claim 10, wherein said illumination light is incident from a direction in which an optical axis thereof intersects a plane including a color separation direction of said color separation / color synthesis means. A reflection type projector device characterized by the above-mentioned. 13. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit at independent positions in the plane of the entrance / exit surface. A reflection type projector device wherein an illumination optical system leading to a projection lens is an anamorphic optical system. 14. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit at independent positions in the plane of the entrance / exit surface, and A reflection type projector device, wherein an illumination optical system leading to a projection lens is an optical system that is rotated about an optical axis. 15. The reflection-type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit so as to overlap in the plane of the entrance / exit surface, and A reflection type projector device wherein an illumination optical system leading to a projection lens is an anamorphic optical system. 16. The reflection-type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the illumination light and the image light enter and exit while overlapping in the plane of the entrance / exit surface, and A reflection type projector device, wherein an illumination optical system leading to a projection lens is an optical system that is rotated about an optical axis. 17. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein said color separation / color synthesis means has a reflection characteristic having a polarization dependence on color separation, and a polarization of reflected light and a transmitted light. A dichroic cross prism configured so that polarized light of different polarizations is used, and a polarization control element for changing polarization only in a predetermined wavelength band is provided in the illumination system. 18. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein at least one of polarized light of reflected light and polarized light of transmitted light has the same polarization as the color separation / color combining means. A reflection type projector device using the configured dichroic cross prism, and further comprising a wavelength selection element for generating light in a predetermined wavelength band in the illumination system. 19. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein said reflection type display device comprises a time division display device. 20. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the reflection type display element modulates light intensity with a phase modulation type element performing phase modulation of light incident by reflection. And a light intensity modulating element. 21. The reflection type projector device according to claim 12, wherein the illumination system includes: a polarization conversion optical system that converts light emitted from the light source into a predetermined polarization state; An integrator optical system for obliquely entering light from the conversion optical system into the color separation / color synthesis means.