TWI449514B - Measurement of arrhythmia - Google Patents

Description

Heart rate variability measuring device

The present invention relates to a measuring device, and more particularly to a measuring device for heart rate variability.

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) heart rate refers to the frequency of heart beats, in BPM (Beat Per Minute), published by Akselrod in 1981, which measures and records ECG signals in a non-invasive manner. The fast power Fourier transform is used to obtain the power spectrum of the heart rate variability characteristic; and the variability is the difference in the lattice time between each heartbeat time, that is, the degree of the difference between the frequency of the heart beat and the heartbeat time. The characteristic power spectrum of heart rate variability can correspond to the physiological mechanism of the autonomic nervous system. The high and low changes of HRV for a long time can reflect whether a person's autonomic nerve is out of tune, and can also reflect the health of heart function.

The autonomic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system, which controls the function of organs in the body. The autonomic nervous system is divided into two categories: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system predominates its activity when stressed, and the resulting effects prepare the body to act in the face of stress responses. Its utility is to consume energy for the body; while the parasympathetic system prevails during rest and rest, and the effects that accelerate and regulate processes such as digestion and growth. In order to allow the body to rest and rest, its activities can be used to conserve energy.

The most effective method for assessing autonomic nervous system activity is the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). The HRV characteristics are mutated by the interaction and regulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Therefore, the regulation of the autonomic nervous system is often studied by heart rate variability in medicine. Therefore, from the level of heart rate variability, it can be known whether a person's autonomic nerve is out of tune, and heart rate variability can also reflect the health of heart function, and its low variability represents a high risk of heart disease. Therefore, the heart rate variability can be used as a symptom of a plurality of disease judgments or treatments, such as arrhythmia, diabetes, depression, and the like.

"Arrhythmia" means that the heartbeat is not normal, that is, the heartbeat interval is different. When the heartbeat frequency is too fast or too slow, it can be regarded as arrhythmia. For example, the heartbeat frequency is faster than normal, or the heartbeat frequency is slower than normal. "Xu Mai". In addition to some cases where the heart itself has a disease, arrhythmia may occur. When the breathing changes, arrhythmia may occur. For example, when a person inhales deeply, the heart beats faster, and when the gas is spit out, the heart beats. Slow down, this is a normal physiological phenomenon. In addition, the heart rate will increase when exercising, and the heartbeat will slow down during rest or sleep. In addition, the excitement of the autonomic nervous system, coffee or tea stimulation, fever, nervousness, stress, pain, hypoxia, drugs, etc. It may change the heart rate and rhythm.

When the heart rhythm is not complete, from no symptoms to some mild symptoms such as: feeling a rapid heartbeat, or feeling an irregular heartbeat; when the heart rhythm is not serious, it may cause the patient to shock, faint or even drown. Many sudden death patients usually have no signs, even young people may occur. The medical community now believes that, in addition to past case analysis, sudden decline in heart rate variability can be used as a predictor of disease. Especially for people who are busy, after monitoring the long-term heart rate variability, if the HRV is found to be low or gradually reduced, it should be rested immediately, which can reduce the chance of sudden death.

HRV can also be used as a judgment for the therapeutic effect of Diabetes. In the early stage of diabetes, although the blood sugar remained within the normal range, the HRV has gradually decreased. In the middle and late stages of diabetes, Diabetic Neuropathy may be complicated. At this time, the sympathetic and parasympathetic fine fibers begin to necrosis, and patients may experience symptoms such as standing vertigo (hypotension), palpitations, night sweats, and diarrhea. . After long-term measurement of HRV, it will be found that HRV deviates from the original baseline, and the treatment effect can be judged accordingly.

In addition, HRV can also determine the onset of depression. Depression is a medical condition, not just "emotional depression." Tens of millions of people suffer from this disease every year; women are twice as likely to have depression as men. Patients with other diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer and diabetes, are more likely to develop depression. The HRV of these patients usually shows a low activity in the measurement. The literature shows that many Western medicine prescription drugs can improve the symptoms of depression. It is estimated that 80% to 90% of people with depression can be cured by professional drug therapy and psychotherapy. If the HRV measurement is used for a long time to track the curative effect, the depression can be healed more quickly.

To get the HRV information, you don't need to analyze the details of the entire ECG. As long as you can get the heartbeat interval, you can get it from the heartbeat interval analysis. Measuring HRV takes a while, about ten minutes or more, and there is no way to know the result in a short time. The measurement method first needs to find the heartbeat interval of the ECG signal, and then after re-sampling, the sampled data is subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain the power spectrum of the heart rate variation, and the power spectrum from the heart rate variation can be obtained high. The frequency (0.15-0.4 Hz) and low frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz) power, as a function of high and low frequency power, can be used as an indicator of autonomic nervous activity.

However, under long-term measurement, if the subject's attention is always focused on the measurement, it may make them nervous or impatient, but they cannot obtain natural physiological information, but for a long time. Under the measurement, it is easier to observe whether there is a problem in the heart. If it is a short-term measurement, plus the tension or impatientness of the subject, some diseases cannot be observed, for example: sporadic arrhythmia.

Therefore, the present invention provides a measuring device for heart rate variability, which is capable of measuring the heart rate variability of a subject, and is not easy for the subject to feel nervous or impatient, so that the actual measurement of the subject can be truly measured. Heart rate variability, in order to achieve natural heart rhythm and heart rhythm variation, rather than measuring the heart rate variability affected by emotional stress, to solve the above problems.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for heart rate variability, which simultaneously measures different physiological signals of a human body by using a photoplethysmographic signal measuring module and an electrocardiogram signal measuring module. Increasing the convenience of physiological signal measurement, and setting a photoplethysmography signal measurement module on a headphone body, and letting the photoplethysmography signal measurement module and the electrocardiogram signal measurement module measure the physiological signals of the subject, The sound signal is played by the earphone body to prevent the subject from focusing on the light plethysmography signal measurement module or the electrocardiogram signal measurement module, so as to eliminate the tension or impatience of the subject, so that the true amount can be Measure the actual heart rhythm variation of the subject.

The measuring device for cardiac rhythm variability of the present invention comprises a headphone body, a photoplethysmographic signal measuring module, a photoplethysmographic signal processing module, an electrocardiogram signal measuring module, an electrocardiogram signal processing module and a a control processing unit; the earphone body is placed in a human ear; the photoplethysmographic signal measurement module is disposed on one side of the earphone body, and the photoplethysmographic signal measurement module measures the physiological state of the human body through the human ear. Generating a first physiological signal; the photoplethysmographic signal processing module sends an audio signal to the body of the machine, and the photoplethysmographic signal processing module receives the first physiological signal and generates a first measurement signal according to the first physiological signal. The ECG signal measurement module measures the physiological state of the human body to generate a second physiological signal; the ECG signal processing module receives the second physiological signal and generates a second measurement signal according to the second physiological signal; the control processing unit issues An audio signal, the control processing unit receives the first measurement signal and correspondingly generates a first waveform, and the control processing unit receives the second measurement A second number and generating a corresponding waveform diagram. The sound signal is played by the earphone body to prevent the subject from focusing on the light plethysmography signal measurement module or the electrocardiogram signal measurement module, so as to eliminate the tension or impatience of the subject, so that the true amount can be Measure the actual heart rhythm variation of the subject.

In order to provide a better understanding and understanding of the structural features and efficacies of the present invention, the preferred embodiments and detailed descriptions are provided as follows:

Referring to the first drawing, which is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the measuring device for cardiac rhythm variability of the present invention comprises a headphone body 10 and a photoplethysmographic signal measuring module 20 a photoplethysmographic signal processing module 30, an electrocardiogram signal measuring module 40, an electrocardiogram signal processing module 50 and a control processing unit 60; the earphone body 10 is placed in a human ear 70 (see the The light plethysmography signal measurement module 20 is disposed on one side of the earphone body 10, and the photoplethysmography signal measurement module 20 measures a physiological state of the human body through the ear 70 to generate a first physiological signal; The plethysmographic signal processing module 30 sends an audio signal to the main body of the machine. The photoplethysmography signal processing module 30 receives the first physiological signal and generates a first measurement signal according to the first physiological signal; the electrocardiogram signal measurement mode The group 40 measures the physiological state of the human body to generate a second physiological signal; the ECG signal processing module 50 receives the second physiological signal and generates a second measurement signal according to the second physiological signal; the control processing unit 60 sends An audio signal, the control processing unit 60 receives the first measurement signal and correspondingly generates a first waveform, such as a heartbeat sine wave, and the control processing unit 60 receives the second measurement signal and correspondingly generates a second waveform, such as ECG. The audio signal is played by the earphone body 10 to prevent the subject from focusing on the photoplethysmography signal measurement module 20 or the electrocardiogram signal measurement module 40, so as to eliminate the tension or impatience of the subject. The actual heart rhythm variation of the subject can be measured realistically.

The present invention further includes a first storage unit 80. The first storage unit 80 is coupled to the control processing unit 60. The control processing unit 60 stores the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal to the first storage unit 80. The first storage unit 80 is a CompactFlash Card. The CF card has the advantages of large capacity, small size, high performance, convenient carrying, etc., and has fast reading and writing speed, and is compatible with various computer operating system platforms, so data records in the data acquisition system or data storage with the PC. Take more CF cards. The CF card contains the controller, Flash Memory array, and read and write buffers. The built-in smart controller greatly simplifies the peripheral circuit design and is fully compliant with the PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) and ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) interface specifications of the PC memory card. The buffer structure of the CF card enables the external device to communicate with the CF card, and the controller in the CF card can read and write the Flash. This design can increase the reliability of CF card data reading and writing, while increasing the data transmission rate. The CF card supports multiple interface modes, including Memory Mapped mode conforming to the PCMCIA specification, I/O Card mode, and True IDE mode conforming to the ATA specification. On power-up, when OE is low, the CF card enters True IDE mode. At this time, OE is also called ATA SEL. When OE is high, the CF card enters PCMCIA mode, ie Memory Mapped mode or I/O Card. Mode, you can enter the corresponding mode by modifying the configuration option register.

The present invention further includes a liquid crystal display 90 coupled to the control processing unit 60. The control processing unit 60 transmits the first waveform diagram and the second waveform diagram to the liquid crystal display 90 for display. The liquid crystal display 90 of the present invention uses a thin film transistor liquid crystal display 90 (TFT-LCD, Thin-Film Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display). The TFT-LCD panel can be seen as a layer of liquid crystal sandwiched between two glass substrates, an upper glass substrate and a color filter, and a lower glass with a transistor mounted thereon. When a current is passed through the transistor to generate an electric field change, causing the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby changing the polarity of the light, and then using a polarizer to determine the brightness of the pixel (Pixel). In addition, the upper glass is bonded to the color filter, and each pixel (Pixel) is composed of three colors of red, blue and green. These red, blue and green color pixels form an image on the panel.

The present invention further includes at least one second storage unit 100. The second storage unit 100 stores a multimedia material, such as an MP3, and the control processing unit 60 reads the multimedia data and converts it to emit an audio signal. Moreover, the present invention further includes a USB transmission module 110. The control processing unit 60 transmits the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal to the USB transmission module 110 for transmission to a computer. The obtained time-series pulse data and the analyzed heart rate variability data can be edited by Borland C++Builder to edit the windowed software user interface program to display the analysis results and storage of the system platform. Moreover, the USB transmission module 110 can also transfer data between the computer and the first storage unit 80.

The control processing unit 60 is mainly used in a digital media player, and the chip of the control processing unit 60 can perform encoding and decoding of MP3 or compression and decompression of other forms of audio (for example, WMA). After starting to play the music, the 51th end will play the audio data stored in the second storage unit 100 every 130ms. Moreover, when the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal are processed, no interruption of music is caused.

Please refer to the second figure, which is a schematic structural diagram of a photoplethysmography signal measuring module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and a schematic diagram of the earphone body disposed on the human ear, as shown in the figure; the optical plethysmograph signal amount of the present invention The measuring module 20 includes a light source 22 and a light sensor 24. The light source 22 is disposed on one side of the earphone body 10; the light source 22 is disposed on one side of the earphone body 10, and the light source 22 illuminates the skin of the human ear 70 and generates a reflection. The light sensor 24 is disposed on the earphone body 10 and located on the same side of the light source 22. The light sensor 24 receives the reflected light, generates a first physiological signal according to the reflected light, and transmits the first physiological signal to the photoplethysmographic signal. Processing module 30.

The earphone body 10 of the present invention includes an insertion portion 12 and a receiving portion 14 . The insertion portion 12 is disposed in the human ear 70 . The earphone body 10 is provided with a speaker 16 , and the speaker 16 is disposed in the insertion portion 12 . The receiving portion 14 is disposed on one side of the insertion portion 12 , and the light source 22 and the photo sensor 24 are disposed on the receiving portion 14 . When the earphone body 10 plays music for the subject to listen to, the light source 22 and the light sensor 24 disposed on the earphone body 10 are used to measure the heart rate variability of the subject, thus avoiding the subject's attention. Focus on the measurement device of the heart rate variability to eliminate the tension or impatience of the subject, and actually measure the actual heart rhythm variation of the subject.

In the present invention, a first physiological signal is captured by using a Potoplethy-smography (PPG), which requires a light source 22 of a red LED and a photosensor 24 of the light receiving transistor as a PPG. The light source 22 includes a red light source, the light source 22 can be a red light LED, and the red light has a wavelength of 640 nm. The light sensor 24 includes a light receiving transistor. Since the light receiving transistor has a small volume, the photo sensor 24 and the light source 22 are disposed on the earphone body 10, and the user does not easily perceive the probe position of the PPG, so that the subject measures the signal while listening to music. In this way, the subject can be eliminated in the measurement process, and the user's natural heart rate variability information can be obtained for a long time to achieve a better measurement effect.

Please refer to the third figure, which is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the light volume change according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the light volume change trace is based on the selected skin block and is driven into the skin by the near-infrared light source 22. And the characteristics of the measurement light. As light travels through biological tissues, it is absorbed by different absorbent substances such as skin color, bones, arteries, and venous blood. In addition, arterial blood vessels contain more blood during systole than during diastole, and the arterial diameter also becomes larger due to increased pressure. This effect only occurs in arteries and small arteries and does not occur in veins. When the artery contracts during systole, the absorbance of light increases, mainly because of the increased amount of light-absorbing substances (heme) and the distance traveled by light in the artery. For the overall absorbance, it is like an AC component. The AC component helps us to distinguish between the amount of light in the venous blood, arterial blood, and other non-pulsating components (DC components) such as skin color, and the pulsating component (AC component) in the arteries. The difference in light absorption. This communication component will not exceed 1%-2% of the straight process. Therefore, receiving such a light signal waveform with time and tissue changes is called a light volume change trace. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the light source 22 to penetrate one of the skin layers 72 of the skin of the human ear 70, and the light passing through the skin layer 72 reflects the reflected light through one of the dermis layers 74 below the skin layer 72.

In summary, the present invention relates to a measuring device for heart rate variability comprising a headphone body; a photoplethysmographic signal measuring module is disposed on one side of the earphone body, and the photoplethysmography signal measuring module is passed through a person The ear generates a first physiological signal by measuring the physiological state of the human body; an ECG signal measuring module measures the physiological state of the human body to generate a second physiological signal; and a control processing unit transmits the sound signal to the earphone body. The sound signal is played by the earphone body to prevent the subject from focusing on the light plethysmography signal measurement module or the electrocardiogram signal measurement module, so as to eliminate the tension or impatience of the subject, so that the true amount can be Measure the actual heart rhythm variation of the subject.

Therefore, the present invention is a novelty, progressive and available for industrial use. It should be in accordance with the patent application requirements stipulated in the Patent Law of China, and the invention patent application is filed according to law, and the prayer bureau will grant the patent as soon as possible. For prayer.

However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the shapes, structures, features, and spirits described in the claims are equivalently changed. Modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

10. . . Headset body

12. . . Placement department

14. . . Housing

16. . . speaker

20. . . Light plethysmography signal measurement module

twenty two. . . light source

twenty four. . . Light sensor

30. . . Light plethysmography signal processing module

40. . . ECG signal measurement module

50. . . ECG signal processing module

60. . . Control processing unit

70. . . Human ear

72. . . Epidermis

74. . . Dermis

80. . . First storage unit

90. . . LCD Monitor

100. . . Second storage unit

110. . . USB transmission module

The first figure is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a measuring head of a heart rate variability according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

The third figure is a schematic diagram of a headset disposed on a human ear according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of light volume change measurement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

10. . . Headset body

30. . . Light plethysmography signal processing module

40. . . ECG signal measurement module

50. . . ECG signal processing module

60. . . Control processing unit

80. . . First storage unit

90. . . LCD Monitor

100. . . Second storage unit

110. . . USB transmission module

Claims (15)

A measuring device for heart rate variability comprises: a headphone body, placed in a human ear, and playing music for a subject to listen to, so that the subject is not easy to feel nervous or impatient, so that the measurement An optical plethysmographic signal measuring module is disposed on one side of the earphone body, and the photoplethysmographic signal measuring module generates a first physiological signal by measuring the physiological state of the human body through the human ear. a light plethysmography signal processing module sends an audio signal to the earphone body, the light plethysmography signal processing module receives the first physiological signal and generates a first measurement signal according to the first physiological signal; The ECG signal measurement module measures the physiological state of the human body to generate a second physiological signal; an ECG signal processing module receives the second physiological signal and generates a second measurement signal according to the second physiological signal And a control processing unit that emits an audio signal, the control processing unit receives the first measurement signal and correspondingly generates a first waveform, and the control processing unit receives the first Measuring a second signal and generates a corresponding waveform diagram, i.e. to obtain heart rate variability based on the first waveform and the second waveform diagram of FIG. The measuring device of the cardiac rhythm variability according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the photoplethysmographic signal measuring module comprises: a light source disposed on one side of the earphone body, the light source illuminating the skin of the human ear And generating a reflected light; and a light sensor disposed on the earphone body and located on the same side of the light source, the light sensor receiving the reflected light, and generating the first physiological signal according to the reflected light, and transmitting The first physiological signal is sent to the photoplethysmographic signal processing module. A measuring device for heart rate variability according to claim 2, wherein the light source comprises a red light. A measuring device for heart rate variability according to claim 3, wherein the red light has a wavelength of 640 nm. A measuring device for heart rate variability according to claim 2, wherein the light source is Red LED. A measuring device for rhythm variability according to claim 2, wherein the photo sensor comprises a light receiving transistor. The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 2, wherein the light source penetrates one of the skin layers of the skin of the human ear to a dermis layer, and the dermis layer reflects the reflected light. The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 2, wherein the earphone body is provided with a speaker. The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 8 , wherein the earphone body comprises: an insertion portion, is disposed in the human ear, the speaker is disposed in the insertion portion; and a receiving portion The light source and the photo sensor are disposed on the receiving portion. The measuring device of the heart rate variability of claim 1, further comprising a first storage unit, the first storage unit coupled to the control processing unit, the control processing unit storing the first measurement signal and The second measurement signal is sent to the first storage unit. The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 10, wherein the first storage unit comprises a CF card (Compact Flash Card). The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 1 further includes at least one second storage unit, wherein the second storage unit stores a multimedia material, and the control processing unit reads the multimedia data and converts the same The sound signal. The measuring device of the heart rate variability according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid crystal display coupled to the control processing unit, the control processing unit transmitting the first waveform and the second waveform The figure is displayed to the liquid crystal display. The measuring device of the rhythm variability according to claim 13 , wherein the liquid crystal display is a thin film liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD, Thin-Film Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display). The measuring device of the heart rate variability described in claim 1 further includes a USB transmission module, and the control processing unit transmits the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal to the USB transmission module To transfer to a computer.